Lignin-derived carbon membrane for the preparation of composite electrodes and applications in supercapacitors

• Published in: Diamond and related materials Vol. 129; p. 109344
• Main Authors: Xu, Dawei, Xuan, Dipan, Liao, Yongchao, Luo, Fenqiang, Lyu, Taiyu, Chen, Minghao, Liu, Chaoran, Liu, Qian, Wang, Zhuang, Li, Shuirong, Wang, Dechao, Zheng, Zhifeng, Bu, Lingzheng
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 01-11-2022; Elsevier BV
• Subjects: Asymmetric supercapacitors; Asymmetry; Capacitance; Composite electrodes; Composite materials; Electrochemical analysis; Electrodes; Lignin; Lignin derived carbon membrane; Maximum power density; Membranes; Phenolic resins; Polyvinyl alcohol; Solid state; Substrates; Supercapacitor; Supercapacitors; Supercapacitor; Lignin derived carbon membrane; Composite electrodes; Asymmetric supercapacitors
• ISSN: 0925-9635; 1879-0062
• DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2022.109344

In order to obtain high performance, economic and environmentally friendly supercapacitor electrodes, lignin is converted into lignin-based phenolic resin and spun with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to obtain lignin-derived carbon membrane (LCM). Then LCM is used as substrate, and α-Fe2O3/LCM and LCM@ppy-10 composite materials are prepared as positive and negative electrodes, respectively, of supercapacitor electrodes. The results show that the composite electrodes have excellent electrochemical performance. At the current density of 1 mA cm−2, α-Fe2O3/LCM and LCM@ppy-10 show a high area specific capacitance of 487 mF cm−2 and 440 mF cm−2, respectively. The capacitance of the symmetrical button cells assembled by each electrode almost shows stability after 5000 cycles. In different systems, such as asymmetric aqueous supercapacitor and solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor, the composite electrodes also have excellent performance. The voltage of asymmetric supercapacitors is 1.6 V with area specific capacitance of 101 mF cm−2 at 1 mA cm−2. After 10,000 cycles at 2 mA cm−2, the specific capacitance decreases by only 5 %. The area specific capacitance and volume specific capacitance of solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor is 89 mF cm−2 and 1.74 F cm−3, respectively, at 1 mA cm−2. The maximum energy density and maximum power density of the solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor can reach 0.62 mWh cm−3 and 77.2 mW cm−3. This method can provide a new reference for the preparation of composite electrode with LCM as current collector.
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•Lignin based phenolic resin (LCM) was obtained by using lignin as raw material.•α-Fe2O3/LCM and LCM@PPy-10 were prepared and used as electrodes.•α-Fe2O3/LCM and LCM@PPy-10 electrodes show high area specific capacitance and good cycle stability.•Assembled asymmetric supercapacitors have wide working voltage window, and high energy density and power density.