Caffeine, trigonelline, chlorogenic acids and sucrose diversity in wild Coffea arabica L. and C. canephora P. accessions

• Published in: Food chemistry Vol. 75; no. 2; pp. 223 - 230
• Main Authors: Ky, C.-L, Louarn, J, Dussert, S, Guyot, B, Hamon, S, Noirot, M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01-11-2001; Elsevier
• Subjects: Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions; Biochemical diversity; Biological and medical sciences; Caffeine; Chlorogenic acids; Coffea arabica L; Coffea canephora P; Coffeae; Coffee, tea and other stimulative beverage industries; Food industries; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Genetics and breeding of economic plants; HPLC; Sucrose; Trigonelline; Varietal selection. Specialized plant breeding, plant breeding aims; Yield, quality, earliness, varia; Trigonelline; Sucrose; Coffeae; Chlorogenic acids; Coffea canephora P; Coffea arabica L; Biochemical diversity; HPLC; Caffeine; Coffea canephora; Genetic variability; Coffea arabica; Organoleptic properties; Flavour precursor; Stimulant plant; Chlorogenic acid; Varietal selection; Biodiversity; Alkaloid; Dicotyledones; Quality; Angiospermae; Rubiaceae; Carbohydrate; Spermatophyta; Chemical composition; Intraspecific comparison; Trigonellin
• ISSN: 0308-8146; 1873-7072
• DOI: 10.1016/S0308-8146(01)00204-7

Numerous aroma precursor evaluations have been undertaken with green coffee beans of both species of worldwide economic importance:
Coffea arabica L. and
Coffea canephora P. Efforts have been made to characterise cultivars of these two species. The originality of this study is to present the biochemical diversity of wild accessions originating from Ethiopia and Kenya for
C. arabica (38 genotypes) and from five African countries (Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea, Congo, Cameroon and Central African Republik) for
C. canephora (38 genotypes). The biochemical aroma parameters assessed by HPLC analysis were: (1) the two alkaloids, caffeine and trigonelline, (2) chlorogenic acids and (3) sucrose. Results reveal that the two species showed significant accession differences for all compounds. Between-species-average-content comparison confirms that
C. arabica showed more trigonelline and sucrose and that
C. canephora presented more CGA and caffeine.
C. canephora diversity was higher than that of
C. arabica, except for trigonelline and sucrose. For
C. canephora, results showed that: (1) no differences were highlighted between accessions for countries of origin for the alkaloids and sucrose, and (2) the 3-CQA content allowed to accessions to be pooled into two groups.