Platelet and INR Thresholds and Bleeding Risk in Ultrasound Guided Percutaneous Liver Biopsy: A Before-After Implementation of the 2019 Society of Interventional Radiology Guidelines Observational Quality Improvement Study

• Published in: Canadian Association of Radiologists journal Vol. 75; no. 4; pp. 931 - 938
• Main Authors: DesRoche, Chloe, Callum, Jeannie, Scholey, Aiden, Hajjaj, Omar I., Flemming, Jennifer, Mussari, Ben, Tarulli, Emidio, Reza Nasirzadeh, Amir, Menard, Alexandre
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Los Angeles, CA SAGE Publications 01-11-2024
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Female; Guideline Adherence - statistics & numerical data; Hemorrhage - etiology; Humans; Image-Guided Biopsy - adverse effects; Image-Guided Biopsy - methods; International Normalized Ratio; Liver - diagnostic imaging; Liver - pathology; Male; Middle Aged; Platelet Count; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Quality Improvement; Radiology, Interventional - methods; Retrospective Studies; Ultrasonography, Interventional - methods; bleeding risk; guidelines; liver biopsy; coagulation; quality improvement
• ISSN: 0846-5371; 1488-2361; 1488-2361
• DOI: 10.1177/08465371241252059

Purpose: To evaluate if implementation of the 2019 Society of Interventional Radiology (SIR) guidelines for periprocedural management of bleeding risk in patients undergoing percutaneous ultrasound guided liver biopsy is associated with increased haemorrhagic adverse events, change in pre-procedural blood product utilization, and evaluation of guideline compliance rate at a single academic institution. Methods: Ultrasound guided percutaneous liver biopsies from (January 2019-January 2023) were retrospectively reviewed (n = 504), comparing biopsies performed using the 2012 SIR pre-procedural coagulation guidelines (n = 266) to those after implementation of the 2019 SIR pre-procedural guidelines (n = 238). Demographic, preprocedural transfusion, laboratory, and clinical data were reviewed. Chart review was conducted to evaluate the incidence of major bleeding adverse events defined as those resulting in transfusion, embolization, surgery, or death. Results: Implementation of the 2019 SIR periprocedural guidelines resulted in reduced guideline non-compliance related to the administration of blood products, from 5.3% to 1.7% (P = .01). The rate of pre-procedural transfusion remained the same pre and post guidelines at 0.8%. There was no statistically significant change in the incidence of bleeding adverse events, 0.8% pre guidelines versus 0.4% post (P = 1.0). Conclusion: Implementation of the 2019 SIR guidelines for periprocedural management of bleeding risk in patients undergoing percutaneous ultrasound guided liver biopsy did not result in an increase in bleeding adverse events or pre-procedural transfusion rates. The guidelines can be safely implemented in clinical practice with no increase in major adverse events.
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