FLRNN-FGA: Fractional-Order Lipschitz Recurrent Neural Network with Frequency-Domain Gated Attention Mechanism for Time Series Forecasting

• Published in: Fractal and fractional Vol. 8; no. 7; p. 433
• Main Authors: Zhao, Chunna, Ye, Junjie, Zhu, Zelong, Huang, Yaqun
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01-07-2024
• Subjects: Accuracy; Calculus; Computational linguistics; Deep learning; Fibrin; Forecasting; Fourier transform; Fourier transforms; fractional-order; Frequency domain analysis; Fuzzy logic; gated attention mechanism; Information management; Language processing; Lipschitz recurrent neural network; Modules; Natural language interfaces; Neural networks; Ordinary differential equations; Recurrent neural networks; Time series; time series forecasting; Weather forecasting
• ISSN: 2504-3110; 2504-3110
• DOI: 10.3390/fractalfract8070433

Time series forecasting has played an important role in different industries, including economics, energy, weather, and healthcare. RNN-based methods have shown promising potential due to their strong ability to model the interaction of time and variables. However, they are prone to gradient issues like gradient explosion and vanishing gradients. And the prediction accuracy is not high. To address the above issues, this paper proposes a Fractional-order Lipschitz Recurrent Neural Network with a Frequency-domain Gated Attention mechanism (FLRNN-FGA). There are three major components: the Fractional-order Lipschitz Recurrent Neural Network (FLRNN), frequency module, and gated attention mechanism. In the FLRNN, fractional-order integration is employed to describe the dynamic systems accurately. It can capture long-term dependencies and improve prediction accuracy. Lipschitz weight matrices are applied to alleviate the gradient issues. In the frequency module, temporal data are transformed into the frequency domain by Fourier transform. Frequency domain processing can reduce the computational complexity of the model. In the gated attention mechanism, the gated structure can regulate attention information transmission to reduce the number of model parameters. Extensive experimental results on five real-world benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of FLRNN-FGA compared with the state-of-the-art methods.