Prosody and the meanings of English negative indefinites

• Published in: Journal of pragmatics Vol. 129; pp. 123 - 139
• Main Authors: Blanchette, Frances, Nadeu, Marianna
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 01-05-2018; Elsevier Science Ltd
• Subjects: Connotation; Denial negation; Double negation; English language; Fundamental frequency; Linguistics; Negation; Negative concord; Prosody; Romance languages; Standard English; Statistical analysis; Word meaning; Negative concord; Prosody; Double negation; Denial negation; Standard English
• ISSN: 0378-2166; 1879-1387
• DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2018.03.020

This paper investigates the acoustic correlates of single and Double Negation (DN) readings of English negative indefinites in question–answer pairs. Productions of four negative words (no one, nobody, nothing, and nowhere) were elicited from 20 native English speakers as responses to negative questions such as “What didn't you eat?” in contexts designed to generate either a single negation reading or a logically affirmative DN reading. A control condition with no negation in the question was employed for comparison. A verification question following each item determined whether tokens were interpreted as expected and, therefore, produced with the target interpretation. Statistical analysis of the f0 curves revealed a significant difference: DN is associated with a higher fundamental frequency than single negation. In contrast, the single negative and control conditions were not significantly different with respect to f0. Analysis of the verification question responses showed significant differences between all three conditions (Control > DN > single negation), suggesting that single negation is more difficult to interpret than DN as a response to a negative question. The results are compared with previous work on Romance, and we demonstrate how English behaves like a prototypical Negative Concord language in that DN is the prosodically marked form.
•Standard English exhibits properties of both Negative Concord and true Double Negation.•Prosody serves to distinguish between single and double negation readings of negative indefinite fragment answers.•In denial contexts, English negative indefinites interpreted as Double Negation are marked by increased fundamental frequency.•Standard English speakers assign Negative Concord and Double Negation structures to negative indefinite fragment answers.•English is typologically similar to Romance languages in employing prosody to distinguish between single and double negative meanings.