Absolute fully entangled fraction from spectrum

• Published in: The European physical journal. D, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics Vol. 76; no. 7
• Main Authors: Patro, Tapaswini, Mukherjee, Kaushiki, Siddiqui, Mohd Asad, Chakrabarty, Indranil, Ganguly, Nirman
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-07-2022; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Applications of Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos Theory; Atomic; Data processing; Figure of merit; Hilbert space; Hyperplanes; Molecular; Optical and Plasma Physics; Physical Chemistry; Physics; Physics and Astronomy; Quantum Information Technology; Quantum phenomena; Quantum Physics; Qubits (quantum computing); Regular Article – Quantum Information; Spectroscopy/Spectrometry; Spintronics
• ISSN: 1434-6060; 1434-6079
• DOI: 10.1140/epjd/s10053-022-00458-8

Fully entangled fraction (FEF) is a significant figure of merit for density matrices. In bipartite
d
⊗
d
quantum systems, the threshold value FEF
>
1
/
d
, carries significant implications for quantum information processing tasks. Like separability, the value of FEF is also related to the choice of global basis of the underlying Hilbert space. A state having its FEF
≤
1
/
d
, might give a value
>
1
/
d
in another global basis. A change in the global basis corresponds to a global unitary action on the quantum state. In the present work, we find that there are quantum states whose FEF remains less than 1/
d
, under the action of any global unitary, i.e., any choice of global basis. We invoke the hyperplane separation theorem to demarcate the set from states whose FEF can be increased beyond 1/
d
through global unitary action. Consequent to this, we probe the marginals of a pure three party system in qubits. We observe that under some restrictions on the parameters, even if two parties collaborate (through unitary action on their combined system) they will not be able to breach the FEF threshold. The study is further extended to include some classes of mixed three qubit and three qutrit systems. Furthermore, the implications of our work pertaining to
k
-copy nonlocality and teleportation are also investigated.
Graphic Abstract