Improved collision detection of MD5 with additional sufficient conditions

• Published in: Electronic research archive Vol. 30; no. 6; pp. 2018 - 2032
• Main Authors: Fang, Linan, Wu, Ting, Qi, Yongxing, Shen, Yanzhao, Zhang, Peng, Lin, Mingmin, Dong, Xinfeng
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: AIMS Press 01-06-2022
• Subjects: collision detection; counter-cryptanalysis; md5; sufficient condition; unavoidable condition
• ISSN: 2688-1594; 2688-1594
• DOI: 10.3934/era.2022102

One application of counter-cryptanalysis is detecting whether a message block is involved in a collision attack, such as the detection of MD5 and SHA-1. Stevens and Shumow speeded up the detection of SHA-1 by introducing unavoidable conditions in message blocks. They left a challenge: how to determine unavoidable conditions for MD5. Later, Shen et al. found that the unavoidable conditions of MD5 were the sufficient conditions located in the last round of differential paths. In this paper, we made further work. We discover sufficient conditions in the second round that can also be used as unavoidable conditions. With additional sufficient conditions, we subdivide three sets and distinguish seven more classes. As a result, compared with Shen's collision detection algorithm, our improved algorithm reduces the collision detection cost by 8.18%. Finally, we find that they do exist in the differential paths constructed by the automatic tool "HashClash".