Nucleation kinetics, Williamson-Hall analysis, hardness and dielectric properties of pyridine-2-carboxylictrichloroacetate single crystals

• Published in: Physica. B, Condensed matter Vol. 624; p. 413397
• Main Authors: Manopradha, N., Gowri, S., Rama, S., Selvaraju, K., Kirubavathi, K.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 01-01-2022; Elsevier BV
• Subjects: Absorption spectra; Band gap; Crystal growth; Crystal lattices; Crystal structure; Crystallites; Diamond pyramid hardness; Dielectric properties; Diffraction; Empirical analysis; Energy bands; Energy gap; Enthalpy; Free energy; Kinetics; Lattice strain; Nucleation; Nucleation kinetics; Optical band gap; Parameters; Pyridines; Room temperature; Single crystals; Solubility; Stiffness; Thermodynamics; Vibration analysis; Williamson-Hall approach; Williamson-Hall approach; Nucleation kinetics; Optical band gap
• ISSN: 0921-4526; 1873-2135
• DOI: 10.1016/j.physb.2021.413397

The single crystals of pyridine-2-carboxylictrichloroacetate (P2CT) were synthesized using standard method at room temperature. Nucleation parameters such as, radius of critical nucleus, nucleation rate, and interfacial and volume free energy has been estimated. The solubility of the crystal at different temperatures is analyzed. Thermodynamic parameters from vibration analysis are compared with the enthalpy obtained from solubility to predict the stability of the crystal. X-ray diffraction investigating the structural aspects establishes the crystal structure belonging to crystal system as monoclinic nature. Williamson–Hall approach assesses the structural characteristics of the grown crystal: average crystallite size along with lattice strain. In between 220 and 1000 nm wavelength range, the optical absorption spectra of P2CT are recorded. Based on derivation of absorption spectrum fitting method, optical energy band gap and nature of optical transitions in the crystal is determined. Vickers microhardness test estimates the hardness parameters and elastic stiffness is evaluated through Wooster's empirical relation.