Chemical control of wild-oat (Avena sterilis L.) and other weeds in wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) in Jordan

• Published in: Crop protection Vol. 26; no. 8; pp. 1315 - 1324
• Main Author: Qasem, J.R.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 01-08-2007
• Subjects: Avena sterilis; Control; Diclofop-methyl; Difenzoquat; Dimethenamid; durum wheat; fenoxaprop-ethyl; field experimentation; grain yield; herbicides; Imazamethabenz; Imazamethabenz/isoproturon mixture; Isoproturon; oats; Tralkoxydim; Triticum turgidum subsp. durum; weed control; Weeds; Wheat; wheat straw; wild plants; Wild-oat; Jordan; Imazamethabenz/isoproturon mixture; Avena sterilis; Isoproturon; Dimethenamid; Wild-oat; Diclofop-methyl; Difenzoquat; Imazamethabenz; Control; fenoxaprop-ethyl; Wheat; Tralkoxydim; Weeds
• ISSN: 0261-2194; 1873-6904
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cropro.2006.11.006

Field experiments were conducted for 2 years to evaluate the effectiveness of certain herbicides on wild-oat (Avena sterilis L.) in wheat (Triticum durum L.). Results showed that tralkoxydim (0.3la.i.ha−1), imazamethabenz-methyl (0.5 and 0.63la.i.ha−1) and the mixture of imazmethabenz-methyl (0.38la.i.ha−1) and isoproturon (0.5la.i.ha−1) increased wheat grain yield up to the level of the weed-free control. In contrast, when used alone both isoproturon (1 and 1.5la.i.ha−1) and dimethenamid (1.8la.i.ha−1) reduced grain yield below that of the weed-infested control. The highest average straw yield was with imazamethabenz-methyl (0.38la.i.ha−1). Considering total wheat yield (grain and straw), imazamethabenz-methyl (0.38la.i.ha−1), imazamethabenz-methyl/isoproturon mixture, fenoxaprop-ethyl (0.09la.i.ha−1) and tralkoxydim (0.3la.i.ha−1) gave similar yield to that of the weed-free control. Imazamethabenz-methyl (0.5 and 0.63la.i.ha−1), imazamethabenz-methyl/isoproturon mixtures (0.38+0.5 or 0.38+0.75la.i.ha−1), diclofop-methyl (0.9la.i.ha−1) and fenoxaprop-ethyl (0.09la.i.ha−1) were most effective against A. sterilis. Imazamethabenz-methyl (0.5 and 0.63la.i.ha−1) severely reduced A. sterilis population, tiller number and dry weight compared with the weed-infested control. Poor A. sterilis control was obtained using dimethenamid, difenzoquat and isoproturon. However, while most herbicides increased growth of broadleaved weeds, isoproturon alone and its mixtures with imazamethabenz-methyl were most effective against these weeds. Based on grain and straw yields obtained, dimethanamid, isoproturon, diclofo-methyl, and difenzoquat appeared somehow phytotoxic to crop plants and lowered wheat yield beyond the weed-infested control.