A rare urinary tract infection of multidrug-resistant Chryseobacterium urinae sp. nov. isolated from a diabetic, non-catheterized patient

• Published in: Archives of microbiology Vol. 206; no. 4; p. 150
• Main Authors: Bhatt, Agrima, Pujari, Sujata, Mantri, Shailesh, Kirdat, Kiran, Thakkar, Lucky, Poojary, Reshma, Kuyare, Sunil, Patil, Kritika, Yadav, Amit
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-04-2024; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Amino acids; Antibiotic resistance; Antibiotics; Bacteria; Bacterial diseases; Biochemistry; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biotechnology; Cell Biology; Chryseobacterium; Deoxyribonucleic acid; Diabetes mellitus; DNA; DNA sequencing; Ecology; Gene sequencing; Genes; Genomic analysis; Hybridization; Leukocytes (eosinophilic); Life Sciences; Microbial Ecology; Microbiology; Multidrug resistance; New species; Nitrofurantoin; Nucleotides; Original Paper; Pathogenesis; Patients; Phylogenetics; Phylogeny; Piperacillin; Recurrent infection; rRNA 16S; Sulfamethoxazole; Tazobactam; Trimethoprim; Urinary tract; Urination; Urogenital system; Virulence; MDR; UTI; Diabetes; AMR; CFB; India; Weeksellaceae; Flavobacteriaceae; Chryseobacterium
• ISSN: 0302-8933; 1432-072X
• DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03881-0

Chryseobacterium
demonstrates a diverse environmental presence and a significant pathogenic potential across various ecosystems. This clinical case showcases a rare instance of bacterial infection in a 75-year-old male with untreated diabetes and recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs). The patient presented symptoms of abdominal pain, burning urination, fever, and an elevated eosinophil count. A subsequent urine culture identified a
Chryseobacterium
-related bacterium as the causative agent, exhibiting sensitivity to piperacillin/tazobactam, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and nitrofurantoin, which led to successful treatment using oral nitrofurantoin. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of APV-1
T
revealed a close relationship of 98.2% similarity to
Chryseobacterium gambrini
strain 5-1St1a
T
(AM232810). Furthermore, comparative genome analysis, incorporating Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI), Digital DNA–DNA Hybridization (dDDH) values, and comprehensive phylogenetic assessments utilizing 16S rRNA gene sequences, core genes, and amino acid sequences of core proteins, highlighted the unique phylogenetic positioning of APV-1
T
within the
Chryseobacterium
genus. Distinct carbon utilization and assimilation patterns, along with major fatty acid content, set APV-1
T
apart from
C. gambrini
strain 5-1St1a
T
. These findings, encompassing phenotypic, genotypic, and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strongly support the proposal of a novel species named
Chryseobacterium urinae
sp. nov., with APV-1
T
designated as the type strain (= MCC 50690 = JCM 36476). Despite its successful treatment, the strain displayed resistance to multiple antibiotics. Genomic analysis further unveiled core-conserved genes, strain-specific clusters, and genes associated with antibiotic resistance and virulence. This report underscores the vital importance of elucidating susceptibility patterns of rare pathogens like
Chryseobacterium
, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. It advocates for further analyses to understand the functional significance of identified genes and their implications in treatment and pathogenesis.