Investigating fungal community characteristics in co-composted cotton stalk and various livestock manure products

• Published in: Environmental science and pollution research international Vol. 31; no. 17; pp. 26141 - 26152
• Main Authors: Lin, Ning, Zha, Xianghao, Cai, Jixiang, Li, Youwen, Wei, Lianghuan, Wu, Bohan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-04-2024; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Agricultural pollution; Agricultural wastes; Animal wastes; Animals; Aquatic Pollution; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Biomarkers; Composting; Composts; Cotton; Degradation; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecotoxicology; Environment; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Health; Fungi; Gossypium; Livestock; Manure - microbiology; Manures; Microorganisms; Mycobiome; Neurospora; Organic carbon; Organic matter; Pigeons; Redundancy; Research Article; Sheep; Sheep manure; Soil - chemistry; Straw; Sustainable practices; Total organic carbon; Waste utilization; Waste Water Technology; Water Management; Water Pollution Control; Fungal community; Compost; Environmental factors; Agricultural wastes; Physicochemical properties
• ISSN: 1614-7499; 0944-1344; 1614-7499
• DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32909-7

Agricultural wastes, comprising cotton straw and livestock manure, can be effectively managed through aerobic co-composting. Nevertheless, the quality and microbial characteristics of co-composting products from different sources remain unclear. Therefore, this study utilized livestock manure from various sources in Xinjiang, China, including herbivorous sheep manure (G), omnivorous pigeon manure (Y), and pigeon-sheep mixture (GY) alongside cotton stalks, for a 40-day co-composting process. We monitored physicochemical changes, assessed compost characteristics, and investigated fungal community. The results indicate that all three composts met established composting criteria, with compost G exhibiting the fastest microbial growth and achieving the highest quality.
Ascomycota
emerged as the predominant taxon in three compost products. Remarkably, at the genus level, the biomarker species for G, Y, and GY are
Petromyces
and
Cordyceps
,
Neurospora
, and
Neosartorya
, respectively. Microorganisms play a pivotal role in organic matter degradation, impacting nutrient composition, demonstrating significant potential for the decomposition and transformation of compost components. Redundancy analysis indicates that potassium, total organic carbon, and C:N are key factors influencing fungal communities. This study elucidates organic matter degradation in co-composting straw and livestock manure diverse sources, optimizing treatment for efficient agricultural waste utilization and sustainable practices.