Oral behaviors in young adults: a multidimensional evaluation of the influence of personality, coping, and distress

Objectives This study explored the relationship of oral parafunction to the psychological variables of personality, coping, and distress. Correlates of sleeping/waking-state oral activities with the different psychological factors were also examined, along with psychological predictors for high para...

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Published in:Clinical oral investigations Vol. 27; no. 9; pp. 5083 - 5093
Main Authors: Yap, Adrian Ujin, Dewi, Ni Luh, Pragustine, Yenny, Marpaung, Carolina
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-09-2023
Springer Nature B.V
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Summary:Objectives This study explored the relationship of oral parafunction to the psychological variables of personality, coping, and distress. Correlates of sleeping/waking-state oral activities with the different psychological factors were also examined, along with psychological predictors for high parafunction. Materials and methods Young adults from a large private university were enrolled. The frequency of oral behaviors was appraised with the oral behavior checklist (OBC), and participants were stratified into low and high parafunction (LP/HP) groups following the DC/TMD. Personality traits, coping styles, and psychological distress were assessed with the Big Five Personality Inventory-10 (BFI-10), brief-COPE Inventory (BCI), and Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) correspondingly. Statistical evaluations were performed using the chi-square/Mann–Whitney U tests, Spearman’s correlation, and logistic regression analyses ( α  = 0.05). Results Among the 507 participants (mean age 22.2 ± 1.5 years), 84.6% and 15.4% had low and high parafunction respectively. While personality profiles did not vary substantially, the HP group exhibited significantly greater emotion-focused/dysfunctional coping, general distress, depression, anxiety, and stress scores than the LP group. Associations between OBC and the various psychological variables were weak when significant or insignificant. Neuroticism and dysfunctional coping were moderately correlated to general distress, depression, anxiety, and stress ( r s  = 0.44–0.60/0.45–0.51). Multivariate analyses indicated that high parafunction was predicted by dysfunctional coping style (OR = 2.55) and anxiety (OR = 1.33). Conclusions Dysfunctional coping was the main risk factor for high parafunction, increasing its odds by about 2.5 times. Clinical relevance Oral parafunction appears to be a dysfunctional coping response to psychological distress.
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ISSN:1436-3771
1432-6981
1436-3771
DOI:10.1007/s00784-023-05129-5