Composition of inorganic elements in fine particulate matter emitted during surface fire in relation to moisture content of forest floor combustibles

• Published in: Chemosphere (Oxford) Vol. 312; p. 137259
• Main Authors: Huang, Ziyan, Ma, Yuanfan, Zhan, Xiaoyu, Lin, Haichuan, Zheng, Chenyue, Tigabu, Mulualem, Guo, Futao
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 01-01-2023
• Subjects: Elemental analysis; Forest fire; Forest Science; Fuel moisture; Herbaceous combustibles; PM2.5; Skogsvetenskap; Forest fire; Herbaceous combustibles; Fuel moisture; PM2.5; Elemental analysis
• ISSN: 0045-6535; 1879-1298; 1879-1298
• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137259

The moisture content of combustible material on the forest floor is constantly changing due to environmental factors, which have a direct impact on the composition and emission intensity of particulate matter released during fire. In this study, an indoor biomass combustion analysis device was used to analyze the emission characteristics of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from combustion of herbaceous combustible materials with different moisture contents (0%, 15%, and 30%). The composition of inorganic elements in PM2.5 (Zn, K, Mg, Ca, and other 13 measurable elements) were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). The results showed that the PM2.5 emission factor increased significantly with the increase of moisture content of combustible materials in the range of 11.63 ± 0.55 for dry samples to 36.71 ± 1.21 g/kg for samples with 30% moisture content. The main elemental components of PM2.5 were K, Zn, Ca, Mg, and Na and K, Ca, Mg, and Na emission factors increased with the increase of moisture content of combustibles. The proportion of macronutrients in PM2.5 released by combustion of each herb increased as the moisture content increased, but the proportion of trace elements gradually decreased. There was a good correlation between elemental composition of PM2.5 and that of herbaceous combustibles. The results provide evidence that the moisture content of combustible materials has a significant effect on the emission of inorganic elements in particulate matter, and hence cautions should be exercised during fuel reduction treatments, such as early prescribed fire.
[Display omitted]
•PM2.5 emission from herbaceous fuel changes as the increase of moisture content.•The element emission of PM2.5 is closely affected by to the moisture content.•The macronutrients in PM2.5 positively related to the moisture content.•Moisture content of combustibles shall be considered during prescribed burning.