Prevalence and factors associated with unplanned pregnancy in a Brazilian capital in the Northeast

Abstract Objectives: to analyze the prevalence and factors associated with unplanned pregnancy in a Brazilian capital in the Northeast. Methods: a cross-sectional study nested to a hospital birth cohort with a probable sample of 5,110 puerperal women. Associated factors were analyzed using a hierarc...

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Published in:Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil Vol. 21; no. 2; pp. 461 - 471
Main Authors: Costa, Ana Cleide Mineu, Oliveira, Bruno Luciano Carneiro Alves de, Alves, Maria Teresa Seabra Soares de Britto e
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Instituto Materno Infantil de Pernambuco 01-06-2021
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Summary:Abstract Objectives: to analyze the prevalence and factors associated with unplanned pregnancy in a Brazilian capital in the Northeast. Methods: a cross-sectional study nested to a hospital birth cohort with a probable sample of 5,110 puerperal women. Associated factors were analyzed using a hierarchical theoretical model in three levels: distal (women’s socioeconomic and demographic characteristics), intermediate (reproductive characteristics, maternal habits and BMI), and proximal level (partner's characteristics). Multivariate Poisson regression analysis was performed. Results: the prevalence of unplanned pregnancy was 68.1% (CI95%=66.8-69.4). Multivariate analysis showed association with black skin color/race (PR=1.03; CI95%=1.01- 1.07), mother's age group up to 19 years old (PR=1.09; CI95%=1.06-1.12) and 20 to 24 years old (PR=1.04; CI95%=1.01-1.07), not living with partner (PR=1.09; CI95%=1.07- 1.11), highest number of people in the household: 5 people (PR= 1.10; CI95%=1.08-1.13) and 3 to 4 (PR=1.08; CI95%=1.05-1.10), number of ≥4 children (PR=1.09; CI95%=1.06- 1.13) and 2 or 3 children (PR=1.03; CI95%=1.02-1.05), alcohol consumption (PR=1.03; CI95%=1.01-1.05), malnourished pre-pregnancy BMI (PR=1.03; CI95%=1.01-1.06) and partner’s low schooling (5 to 8 years) (PR=1.03; CI95%=1.01-1.07). Prior abortion was inversely associated with planned pregnancy (PR=0.95; CI95%=0.93-0.97). Conclusions: the prevalence of unplanned pregnancy was high and was associated with socioeconomic and demographic characteristics that reflect on the combination of the complex inequalities that impact women and their partners Resumo Objetivos: analisar a prevalência e fatores associados à gravidez não planejada em uma capital do Nordeste brasileiro. Métodos: estudo transversal aninhado à coorte de nascimento hospitalar com amostra probabilística de 5.110 puérperas. Fatores associados foram analisados utilizando-se modelo teórico hierarquizado em três níveis: distal (caracteristicas socioeconômicas e demográficas da mulher), intermediário(caracteristicas reprodutivas, hábitos maternos e IMC), e nível proximal (características do companheiro). Realizou-se análise de regressão multivariada de Poisson. Resultados: a prevalência de gravidez não planejada foi de 68,1% (IC95%= 66,8-69,4). A análise multivariada mostrou associação com cor/raça preta (RP=1,03; IC95%= 1,01-1,07), faixa etária da mãe até 19 anos (RP=1,09; IC95%= 1,06-1,12) e 20 a 24 anos (RP=1,04; IC95%= 1,01-1,07), não residir com o companheiro (RP=1,09; IC95%= 1,07-1,11), maior o número de pessoas no domicílio: 5 pessoas (RP= 1,10; IC95%= 1,08-1,13) e de 3 a 4 (RP=1,08; IC95%= 1,05-1,10), número de ≥4 filhos (RP=1,09; IC95%= 1,06-1,13) e 2 ou 3 filhos (RP=1,03; IC95%= 1,02-1,05), uso de álcool (RP=1,03; IC95%= 1,01-1,05), IMC pré-gestacional desnutrido (RP=1,03; IC95%= 1,01-1,06) e baixa escolaridade (5 a 8 anos) do companheiro (RP=1,03; IC95%= 1,01-1,07). O aborto prévio associou-se inversamente com gravidez planejada (RP=0,95; IC95%= 0,93-0,97). Conclusões: foi elevada a prevalência de gravidez não planejada, e esteve associada a características socioeconômicas e demográficas que refletem a combinação de complexas desigualdades que impactam mulheres e seus parceiros.
ISSN:1519-3829
1806-9304
DOI:10.1590/1806-93042021000200007