Complex Central Venous Catheter Insertion for Hemodialysis

• Published in: The journal of vascular access Vol. 15; no. 7_suppl; pp. 136 - 139
• Main Authors: Powell, Steven, Belfield, Jane
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London, England SAGE Publications 01-01-2014
• Subjects: Catheterization, Central Venous - adverse effects; Catheterization, Central Venous - instrumentation; Catheterization, Central Venous - methods; Catheters, Indwelling; Central Venous Catheters; Equipment Design; Humans; Phlebography; Renal Dialysis; Treatment Outcome; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color; Vascular Patency; Transhepatic; IVC; Transocclusion; Central venous catheters; Dialysis; Transcollateral; Translumbar
• ISSN: 1129-7298; 1724-6032
• DOI: 10.5301/jva.5000250

Despite the introduction of payment by results in the UK, there has been no decrease in central venous catheter (CVC) use. In part, this may relate to a requirement to dialyse through a CVC while autogenous access matures. Mortality data have improved in parallel and patients on hemodialysis live longer, which may lead to an increased exposure to CVCs. Exposure to CVCs carries a significant risk of infection and occlusion requiring their repositioning or exchange. The mid to long-term sequelae of CVC use is central venous occlusion leaving clinical teams with an ever increasing challenge to find adequate venous access.
In this article, we will discuss the challenges faced by operators inserting CVCs into the hemodialysis-dependent patient who has exhausted more tradition insertion sites. These include translumbar caval catheters, transocclusion and transcollateral catheters, transjugular Inferior Vena Cava catheter postioning, and transhepatic catheters. We will demonstrate the techniques employed, complications, and anticipated longevity of function.