Nano-zeolite efficiency to mitigate the aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) toxicity: Effects on growth, digestive enzymes, antioxidant, DNA damage and bioaccumulation of AFB1 residues in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

• Published in: Aquaculture Vol. 523; p. 735123
• Main Authors: Hassaan, Mohamed S., Nssar, Khaled M., Mohammady, Eman Y., Amin, Aziza, Tayel, Safaa I., El-Haroun, Ehab R.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier B.V 30-06-2020
• Subjects: Aflatoxin; Antioxidant; DNA damage; Nano-zeolite; O. niloticus; Nano-zeolite; Antioxidant; DNA damage; Aflatoxin; O. niloticus
• ISSN: 0044-8486; 1873-5622
• DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735123

The feeding trial was conducted to investigate the beneficial impacts of natural clay nano-zeolite against feed contaminated with 3 ppm aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Five hundred and forty fish fingerlings (7.75 ± 0.06 g), were distributed to six groups (30 fish group−1) with three replicates. A basal diet containing (306 g kg−1 protein) and isocaloric (19.53 MJ kg−1 gross energy) were formulated. The basal diet was exposed to different dose of AFB1 (0 and 3 ppm) each level was supplemented with three dietary levels of nano-zeolite (0, 5 and 10 g kg−1). After 84 days, growth performance and feed utilization were significantly higher in fish fed diet with 3 ppm AFB1 and supplemented with 5 or 10 g kg−1 nano-zeolite than diet with 3 ppm AFB1 without nano-zeolite. In addition, higher secretion of endogenous amylase and chymotrypsin were detected in fish fed diet with 3 ppm AFB1 and supplemented with nano-zeolite inclusion at level 5 g kg−1 than other treatment diets. Hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cells, white blood cells count were significantly higher in the group fish fed diet containing 10 g kg−1 nano-zeolite and exposed to AFB1 than other exposed to AFB1 without nano-zeolite inclusion. Diet supplemented with 10 g kg−1 nano-zeolite and contaminated with AFB1 recorded the lowest serum alanine and aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total protein, albumin and globulin than those exposed to AFB1 without nano-zeolite. Likewise, the antioxidant activities of MAD, SOD, CAT, lysozyme and DNA fragmentation have the same trend. However, adding 5 or 10 g kg−1 zeolite in combination with AFB1 decreased the residual of AFB1 in fish muscle. In conclusion, AFB1 induced reduction in growth, feed utilization, digestive enzymes activities, and antioxidant enzyme activities; elevated the activities of liver enzyme, DNA damage, residual aflatoxin in Nile tilapia musculature; and nano-zeolite alleviated the AFB1 toxicity in O. niloticus, in addition nano-zeolite has beneficial effects to eliminate the negative impacts of AFB1 in health status of tilapia, thus further studies are necessary to clarify the remediation of nano-zeolite against the aflatoxin in aquafeeds along with paying attention to food safety concerns.
•Nano-zeolite supplementation improved growth performance, feed utilization, endogenous activity and blood biochemistry of tilapia exposed to aflatoxin B1•Nano-zeolite supplementation improved the blood biochemistry and liver histology and decreased the DNA damage of tilapia exposed to aflatoxin B1•Nano-zeolite supplementation decreased the aflatoxin B1 residual in tilapia exposed to aflatoxin B1