Novel nano-sized chitosan amphotericin B formulation with considerable improvement against Leishmania major

• Published in: Nanomedicine (London, England) Vol. 13; no. 24; pp. 3129 - 3147
• Main Authors: Mehrizi, Tahereh Zadeh, Ardestani, Mehdi Shafiee, Molla Hoseini, Mostafa Haji, Khamesipour, Ali, Mosaffa, Nariman, Ramezani, Amitis
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Future Medicine Ltd 01-12-2018
• Subjects: Antifungal agents; Chemotherapy; Drug dosages; Efficiency; Medical research; Methods; Microscopy; Nanoparticles; NMR; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Parasitic diseases; Polymers; Rodents; Solvents; United States > US; nanochitosan; phase separation; toxicity reduction; increasing effective therapeutic dose
• ISSN: 1743-5889; 1748-6963
• DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0063

Improvement in the treatment of Leishmania major's pathological effects through increasing the dose of amphotericin B loaded into nanochitosan.
The phase separation method was used for nanochitosan synthesis and amphotericin loading. Also a novel solvent was designed and the nanodrug efficacy was evaluated in vitro and in vivo (pathology) environments.
The drug loading efficiency of 90%, along with slow drug-release with cellular uptake of 98.6% was achieved. The novel solvent was composed of 10% acetic acid, and it was succeeded to dissolve AK10 mg/kg. Also, AK10 mg/kg had no side effects in in vitro and in vivo environments. In addition, the complete wound healing and parasite inhibition were achieved by using AK10 mg/kg in terms of improvement the treatment indicators.
Increasing the therapeutic dose of AK to 10 mg/kg caused the successful treatment of L. major's pathological effects in in vitro and in vivo environments.