Viremia and viruria of trichodysplasia spinulosa‐associated polyomavirus before the development of clinical disease in a kidney transplant recipient

• Published in: Transplant infectious disease Vol. 21; no. 4; pp. e13133 - n/a
• Main Authors: Pierrotti, Ligia Camera, Urbano, Paulo Roberto Palma, Nali, Luiz Henrique da Silva, Romano, Camila Malta, Bicalho, Camila da Silva, Arnone, Marcelo, Valente, Neusa Sakai, Pannuti, Cláudio Sérgio, David‐Neto, Elias, Azevedo, Luiz Sérgio
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Denmark Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01-08-2019
• Subjects: Aged; Alopecia; Biopsy; Blood; Case reports; Cidofovir; Deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA; DNA, Viral; Failure analysis; Female; Hair Diseases - drug therapy; Hair Diseases - virology; Humans; Immunosuppression; Immunosuppression - adverse effects; Immunosuppressive Agents; Intravenous administration; Kidney - pathology; kidney transplant; Kidney transplantation; Kidney Transplantation - adverse effects; Kidney transplants; Kidneys; Leflunomide; Lesions; Mycophenolic acid; polyomavirus; Polyomavirus Infections - diagnosis; Polyomavirus Infections - urine; Prednisone; Renal failure; Retrospective Studies; Skin; Skin - pathology; Skin - virology; Skin diseases; Tacrolimus; Thickening; Transplant Recipients; Transplantation; Transplants & implants; trichodysplasia spinulosa; Urine; Viremia; Viremia - diagnosis; Viremia - drug therapy; Viruria; polyomavirus; kidney transplant; viremia; viruria; trichodysplasia spinulosa
• ISSN: 1398-2273; 1399-3062
• DOI: 10.1111/tid.13133

Trichodysplasia spinulosa (TS) is a rare disease associated with immunosuppression and induced by a polyomavirus denominated Tricodisplasia Polyomavirus (TSPyV). We report a case of TS 6 months after kidney transplantation in a 65 years‐old woman under immunosuppression therapy with prednisone, mycophenolate and tacrolimus. The patient developed follicular papules on the face with a thickening of the skin and alopecia of the eyebrows, leading to distortion of the face and a leonine appearance characteristic of the disease. The skin biopsy confirmed the clinical diagnosis and the presence of TSPyV DNA in the skin was detected. Staining for SV40 was positive. Immunosuppression was changed: mycophenolate was withdrawn, tacrolimus reduced and everolimus added. Intravenous cidofovir and later on leflunomide were added. Although the literature has reported clinical success with topical cidofovir, we were unable to use it because this drug is not available. There was an improvement of skin lesions and on cosmetic appearance. The patient had three rejections (one clinically diagnosed and two other biopsy proven), progressed with renal failure and graft loss. Retrospective analysis of stored urine and blood samples detected TSPyV DNA in some of those samples two months before the TS clinical development. This case highlights the TSPyV detection in blood and urine samples before the development of skin lesions.