Detection and Characterization of αβ-T-Cell Clonality by Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE)

• Published in: BioTechniques Vol. 25; no. 2; pp. 244 - 250
• Main Authors: P. thor Straten, A. Barfoed, T. Seremet, I. Saeterdal, J. Zeuthen, P. Guldberg
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Taylor & Francis Group 01-08-1998
• ISSN: 0736-6205; 1940-9818
• DOI: 10.2144/98252st05

Accumulation of T cells carrying identical T-cell receptors (TCR) is associated with a number of immunological and nonimmunological diseases. Therefore, it is of interest to be able to analyze complex T-cell populations for the presence of clonally expanded subpopulations. Here, we describe a simple method combining reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) for rapid detection and characterization of T-cell clonality. The detection of clonally expanded T cells by DGGE relies on the fact that clonal transcripts have no junctional diversity and therefore resolve at a fixed position in the gel, which is determined by their melting properties. For polyclonal populations with a high degree of junctional diversity, the different DNA molecules will resolve at different positions in the gel and together will be revealed as a smear. For each of the TCR β-variable gene (BV)1–24 families, cloned transcripts were amplified and shown to resolve as distinct bands in the denaturing gradient gel, whereas the analysis of polyclonal T-cell populations resulted in a smear in the gel. The present method might prove useful to test for clonotypic T-cells in a variety of pathological and physiological conditions and for monitoring T-cell responses in diagnostic and therapeutic settings.