Chromosomal instability in a woman with infertility and two unaffected brothers : a new familial chromosomal breakage syndrome?

• Published in: Human genetics Vol. 100; no. 3-4; pp. 431 - 440
• Main Authors: DUBA, H.-C, WEIRICH, H. G, WEIRICH-SCHWAIGER, H, UTERMANN, B, NACHBAUR, D, SÖLDER, E, UTERMANN, G
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Heidelberg Springer 01-09-1997; Berlin; New York, NY
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Biological and medical sciences; Cells, Cultured; Chromosome Breakage; Female; Female genital diseases; Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics; Humans; Infertility, Female - genetics; Lymphocytes - cytology; Male; Medical sciences; Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective; Middle Aged; Non tumoral diseases; Pedigree; Syndrome; Time Factors; Chromosomal aberration; Human; Chromosome break; Phenotype; Family study; Micronucleus; Chromosome; Instability; Female sterility; α-Fetoprotein; Repair
• ISSN: 0340-6717; 1432-1203
• DOI: 10.1007/s004390050529

Repeated chromosomal analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes and skin fibroblasts from a woman referred for amenorrhoea, streak gonads, hyperthyroidism, adiposity and elevated alpha-fetoprotein levels but no other manifestations of known chromosomal breakage syndromes demonstrated an increased spontaneous chromosomal breakage rate (ISCBR). Chromatid and chromosomal breaks were more numerous than sporadic rearrangements and dicentric chromosomes. Exposure of the cells to mitomycin C, diepoxybutane, X-rays or UV irradiation induced an increase in chromosomal and chromatid abnormalities over that in controls. A micronucleus assay demonstrated an increase in the incidence of formation of micronuclei and the population doubling time of the fibroblasts of the proposita was delayed. Chromosomal analysis was performed on lymphocytes of the parents and of five sibs of the proposita. Two brothers had chromosomal abnormalities identical to those of the patient and elevated alpha-fetoprotein levels, however, without any clinical abnormalities. The parents were affected by only a moderate ISCBR whereas two brothers and one sister were chromosomally normal. The clinical, chromosomal and biochemical findings in this family represent a novel chromosomal instability syndrome.