Intracellular pH Sensor Based on Heteroleptic Bis‐Cyclometalated Iridium(III) Complex Embedded into Block‐Copolymer Nanospecies: Application in Phosphorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy

• Published in: Advanced functional materials Vol. 33; no. 10
• Main Authors: Shakirova, Julia R., Baigildin, Vadim A., Solomatina, Anastasia I., Aghakhanpour, Reza Babadi, Pavlovskiy, Vladimir V., Porsev, Vitaly V., Tunik, Sergey P.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hoboken Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01-03-2023
• Subjects: Acidification; Biocompatibility; Block copolymers; Copolymers; cyclometalated iridium complexes; Endosomes; intracellular pH; Iridium compounds; Lysosomes; Materials science; Microscopy; Phosphorescence; phosphorescence lifetime imaging microscopy; phosphorescent pH sensors; RAFT‐polymeric nanoparticles
• ISSN: 1616-301X; 1616-3028
• DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202212390

Herein, a novel pH‐responsive phosphorescent probe based on cyclometalated iridium(III) complex is reported. To prevent oxygen quenching of phosphorescence and to improve the probe biocompatibility, the complex is covalently conjugated with a water‐soluble block‐copolymer that also increases its pH sensitivity. The resulting polymeric nanoprobe demonstrates a strong response of the phosphorescence lifetime onto pH variations in physiological range. Cellular experiments with Chinese hamster ovary (CHO‐K1) cells show the predominant internalization of the probe in acidified cell compartments, endosomes and lysosomes. The analysis of phosphorescence lifetime imaging microscopy data confirms applicability of the sensor for monitoring of intra‐ and extracellular pH in cell cultures.
The pH‐sensitive phosphorescent Ir(III) complex is successfully inserted into the polymeric shell to prevent oxygen dependence of its emission parameters and enhance biocompatibility. The resulting nanoprobe is easily internalized into endosomes and lysosomes of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO‐K1 cells). Phosphorescence lifetime imaging experiments on cells clearly show that the probe allows differentiation of individual vesicles from the viewpoint of their acidity.