Dietary Black Soldier Fly ( Hermetia illucens )-Dipterose-BSF-Enhanced Zebrafish Innate Immunity Gene Expression and Resistance to Edwardsiella tarda Infection

• Published in: Insects (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 15; no. 5; p. 326
• Main Authors: Nishiguchi, Haruki, Suryadi, Ibnu Bangkit Bioshina, Ali, Muhammad Fariz Zahir, Miura, Chiemi, Miura, Takeshi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 01-05-2024
• Subjects: Animal health; Aquaculture; Bacteria; Bacterial diseases; Biological activity; black soldier fly; Danio rerio; Diet; dipterose; Disease resistance; Edwardsiella tarda; Ethanol; Feeds; Fish diseases; Gene expression; Gene sequencing; Genes; Gram-positive bacteria; Hermetia illucens; immune response; Immune status; Immune system; Immunomodulation; Immunomodulators; immunostimulant; Immunostimulants; Innate immunity; Insects; Intestine; Larvae; Macrophages; Nitric oxide; Pathogens; Peptides; Phenols; polysaccharide; Polysaccharides; Saccharides; Sulfuric acid; Zebrafish; United States > US; Japan; Chicago Illinois; immunostimulant; zebrafish; polysaccharide; black soldier fly; dipterose; immune response
• ISSN: 2075-4450; 2075-4450
• DOI: 10.3390/insects15050326

Dietary management using immunostimulants to protect fish health and prevent bacterial infection is widely practiced. Many insect species possess various bioactive substances that can improve animal health. We previously identified several bioactive polysaccharides derived from insects, including dipterose-BSF from black soldier fly (
) larvae; this can stimulate innate immunity in mammalian macrophage RAW264.7 cells. However, the effect of dietary dipterose-BSF on the immune system of teleosts remains unclear. Here, we analyzed the immune status of zebrafish (
) after 14 days of dietary inclusion of dipterose-BSF (0.01, 0.1, and 1 µg/g), followed by an immersion challenge using
. To identify changes in the transcriptional profile induced by dipterose-BSF, we performed RNA-sequencing analyses of the liver and intestine. Differentially expressed genes were investigated, with both organs showing several upregulated genes, dominated by nuclear factor and tumor necrosis factor family genes. Gene Ontology analysis revealed several terms were significantly higher in the experimental group compared with the control group. Challenge tests suggested that dietary dipterose-BSF had some positive effects on disease resistance in fish, but these effects were not pronounced.