Diabetes-induced changes in cardiac voltage-gated ion channels

Diabetes mellitus affects the heart through various mechanisms such as microvascular defects, metabolic abnormalities, autonomic dysfunction and incompatible immune response. Furthermore, it can also cause functional and structural changes in the myocardium by a disease known as diabetic cardiomyopa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:World journal of diabetes Vol. 12; no. 1; pp. 1 - 18
Main Authors: Ozturk, Nihal, Uslu, Serkan, Ozdemir, Semir
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 15-01-2021
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Summary:Diabetes mellitus affects the heart through various mechanisms such as microvascular defects, metabolic abnormalities, autonomic dysfunction and incompatible immune response. Furthermore, it can also cause functional and structural changes in the myocardium by a disease known as diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) in the absence of coronary artery disease. As DCM progresses it causes electrical remodeling of the heart, left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure. Electrophysiological changes in the diabetic heart contribute significantly to the incidence of arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in diabetes mellitus patients. In recent studies, significant changes in repolarizing K currents, Na currents and L-type Ca currents along with impaired Ca homeostasis and defective contractile function have been identified in the diabetic heart. In addition, insulin levels and other trophic factors change significantly to maintain the ionic channel expression in diabetic patients. There are many diagnostic tools and management options for DCM, but it is difficult to detect its development and to effectively prevent its progress. In this review, diabetes-associated alterations in voltage-sensitive cardiac ion channels are comprehensively assessed to understand their potential role in the pathophysiology and pathogenesis of DCM.
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Author contributions: Ozdemir S designed the study and wrote the manuscript; Uslu S and Ozturk N collected the data and drafted the review article.
Corresponding author: Semir Ozdemir, PhD, Professor, Department of Biophysics, Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Dumlupınar Boulevard, Antalya 07058, Turkey. osemir@akdeniz.edu.tr
ISSN:1948-9358
1948-9358
DOI:10.4239/wjd.v12.i1.1