SGLT2 Inhibitors' Cardiovascular Benefits in Individuals Without Diabetes, Heart Failure, and/or Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review

• Published in: Journal of clinical pharmacology Vol. 63; no. 12; pp. 1307 - 1323
• Main Authors: Khiali, Sajad, Taban-Sadeghi, Mohammadreza, Sarbakhsh, Parvin, Khezerlouy-Aghdam, Naser, Rezagholizadeh, Afra, Asham, Hila, Entezari-Maleki, Taher
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01-12-2023
• Subjects: Blood pressure; Body mass index; Clinical trials; Congestive heart failure; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism; Heart failure; Heart Failure - drug therapy; Humans; Kidney diseases; Literature reviews; Metabolic syndrome; Myocardial infarction; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Renal failure; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - drug therapy; Sodium-glucose cotransporter; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors - pharmacology; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors - therapeutic use; Systematic review; metabolic syndrome; blood pressure; cardiovascular disease; heart failure; myocardial infarction; SGLT2 inhibitors
• ISSN: 0091-2700; 1552-4604
• DOI: 10.1002/jcph.2311

Despite the growing body of evidence regarding the beneficial cardiovascular effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, clinical data in individuals without diabetes, heart failure (HF), and/or chronic kidney disease (CKD) is limited. A systematic review of the literature was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar, from database inception until May 4, 2023, to explore new evidence of SGLT2 inhibitors' cardiovascular benefits in individuals without diabetes, HF, and/or CKD. A total of 1156 individuals from 14 studies (13 randomized controlled trials and 1 nonrandomized study) were included. The results showed the benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors on blood pressure, weight, and body mass index in this population with an acceptable safety profile. The current evidence supports the potential role of SGLT2 inhibitors as primary prevention in individuals without diabetes, HF, and/or CKD. This review may shed light on the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in conditions such as stage A HF and metabolic syndrome. The literature trend is going toward uncovering SGLT2 inhibitors' role in stage B HF, different types of myocardial infarction, and cardiac arrhythmias.