Sufi Islam and the nation state: Darul Arkam movement in the post Suharto era of Indonesia

Modernity as a global phenomenon has been the most driving matter, said those scholars of modernity, that potentially threat the existent of tradition and religion. Both would vanish once the project of secularism accomplishes. However, since the global modernity, whether represented by secular stat...

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Published in:Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies Vol. 5; no. 1; pp. 79 - 110
Main Author: Ubaedillah, Ahmad
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: IAIN Salatiga 01-06-2015
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Summary:Modernity as a global phenomenon has been the most driving matter, said those scholars of modernity, that potentially threat the existent of tradition and religion. Both would vanish once the project of secularism accomplishes. However, since the global modernity, whether represented by secular state, nation state, and democracy, failed to fulfil its promises, tradition and religions in general have reemerged to be likely a new device employed by their adherents to express their grievances and discontents. In such regard, recent Islamic movements promoting the slogan of “back to the authentic Islam” can be a better example to examine the relationship between modernity and religion. Accordingly, the paper, based on my field research, would discuss the role of religion in modern era as represented by Darul Arkam, an Islamic spiritual maternity or Tarekat (Thar6iqa, Arabic) in Indonesia after the collapse of Suharto’s military regime in 1998. Originally, the movement of Darul Arkam came into being in Malaysia as a spiritually-social-urban Muslim organization. How did its leaders understand Islam in regard to changing social and political situation and how did they combine economic and religious activities will be the main topics of the paper, together with their views on contemporary issues related to Islam and politics after Soeharto era.Modernitas sebagai sebuah fenomena global merupakan faktor paling berpengaruh, demikian para teoritis moderisme menyatakan, terhadap keberadaan tradisi dan agama. Kedua unsur ini akan lenyap seiring dengan dengan keberhasilan yang dicapai oleh proyek sekularisme yang berlangsung secara global. Namun demikian, sejak gerakan modernisme, yang diwakili antara lain oleh konsep negara sekuler, negara bangsa, dan demokrasi, dianggap telah gagal memenuhi janji-janjinya, tradisi dan agama secara umum kembali menjadi media untuk mengungkapkan kekecewaan mereka terhadap kegagalan dan akibat-akibat yang ditimbulkan oleh modernism. Pada situasi ketidak puasaan ini, gereakan-gerakan Islam dewasa ini yang mempropagandakan gagasan “kembali kepada Islam yang otentik” dapat menjadi sebuah contoh yang tepat untuk menganalisa hubungan kekinian anatara modernitas dan agama. Berdasarkan riset lapangan, tulisan ini akan memaparkan peran koumintas agama, yang diwakili oleh organisasi Darul Arkam, sebuah perkumpulan yang diikat oleh rasa persaudaran Muslim atau biasa dikenal dengan tarekat, di Indonesia paska jatuhnya kekuasaan Presidean Soeharto pada 1998. Darul Arkam sendiri merupakan organisasi komunitas Muslim urban yang muncul pertama kali di Malaysia. Bagaimana pemimpin Darul Arkam memahami ajaran Islam dalam situasi sosial-politik yang tengah berubah di Indonesia dan bagaimana mereka menggabungkan antara aktifitas keagamaan dan ekonomi akan menjadi pembahasan pokok tulisan ini, selain respon mereka terhadap isu-isu yang berkembang di era reformasi. 
ISSN:2089-1490
2406-825X
DOI:10.18326/ijims.v5i1.79-110