Metabolic profiling of peri‐implant crevicular fluid in peri‐implantitis

• Published in: Clinical oral implants research Vol. 35; no. 7; pp. 719 - 728
• Main Authors: Song, Lu, Lu, Hongye, Jiang, Jimin, Xu, Antian, Huang, Yanli, Huang, Jia‐Ping, Ding, Pei‐Hui, He, Fuming
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Denmark Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01-07-2024
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Amino acids; Bone loss; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Gene sequencing; Gingival Crevicular Fluid - chemistry; Gingival Crevicular Fluid - metabolism; Gingival Crevicular Fluid - microbiology; Humans; Male; metabolic profiles; Metabolism; Metabolites; Metabolome; Metabolomics; Microbial activity; Microbiota; Microorganisms; Middle Aged; non‐targeted metabolomics; Organic acids; Peri-Implantitis - metabolism; Peri-Implantitis - microbiology; peri‐implant crevicular fluid; peri‐implantitis; Pharmaceuticals; rRNA 16S; Succinic acid; targeted metabolomics; Transplants & implants; non‐targeted metabolomics; targeted metabolomics; peri‐implantitis; peri‐implant crevicular fluid; metabolic profiles
• ISSN: 0905-7161; 1600-0501; 1600-0501
• DOI: 10.1111/clr.14270

Objects
This study aims to explore the etiology of peri‐implantitis by comparing the metabolic profiles in peri‐implant crevicular fluid (PICF) from patients with healthy implants (PH) and those with peri‐implantitis (PI).
Materials and Methods
Fifty‐six patients were enrolled in this cross‐sectional study. PICF samples were collected and analyzed using both non‐targeted and targeted metabolomics approaches. The relationship between metabolites and clinical indices including probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and marginal bone loss (MBL) was examined. Additionally, submucosal microbiota was collected and analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing to elucidate the association between the metabolites and microbial communities.
Results
Significant differences in metabolic profiles were observed between the PH and PI groups, with 179 distinct metabolites identified. In the PI group, specific amino acids and fatty acids were significantly elevated compared to the PH group. Organic acids including succinic acid, fructose‐6‐phosphate, and glucose‐6‐phosphate were markedly higher in the PI group, showing positive correlations with mean PD, BOP, and MBL. Metabolites that increased in the PI group positively correlated with the presence of Porphyromonas and Treponema and negatively with Streptococcus and Haemophilus.
Conclusions
This study establishes a clear association between metabolic compositions and peri‐implant condition, highlighting enhanced metabolite activity in peri‐implantitis. These findings open avenues for further research into metabolic mechanisms of peri‐implantitis and their potential therapeutic implications.