Morphological, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties of Nanocomposites Based on Bio-Polyamide and Feather Keratin-Halloysite Nanohybrid

• Published in: Polymers Vol. 16; no. 14; p. 2003
• Main Authors: Teodorescu, George Mihail, Vuluga, Zina, Ioniță, Andreea, Nicolae, Cristian Andi, Ghiurea, Marius, Gabor, Augusta Raluca, Rădițoiu, Valentin, Raduly, Monica, Brezeştean, Ioana Andreea, Marconi, Daniel, Turcu, Ioan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 12-07-2024
• Subjects: Automobile industry; bio-polyamide; Biodegradation; Biopolymers; chicken feather keratin; Composite materials; Contact angle; halloysite; Impact tests; Keratin; Manufacturers; Mechanical properties; Modulus of elasticity; nanocomposite properties; Nanocomposites; nanohybrid; Nanoparticles; Natural resources; Polyamide resins; Polymer matrix composites; Polymers; Polymethyl methacrylate; Renewable resources; Scratch resistance; Silica; Surface hardness; Tensile strength; nanohybrid; nanocomposite properties; chicken feather keratin; bio-polyamide; halloysite
• ISSN: 2073-4360; 2073-4360
• DOI: 10.3390/polym16142003

One solution to comply with the strict regulations of the European Commission and reduce the environmental footprint of composites is the use of composite materials based on bio-polymers and fillers from natural resources. The aim of our work was to obtain and analyze the properties of bio-polymer nanocomposites based on bio-PA (PA) and feather keratin-halloysite nanohybrid. Keratin (KC) was mixed with halloysite (H) as such or with the treated surface under dynamic conditions, resulting in two nanohybrids: KCHM and KCHE. The homogenization of PA with the two nanohybrids was conducted using the extrusion processing process. Two types of nanocomposites, PA-KCHM and PA-KCHE, with 5 wt.% KC and 1 wt.% H were obtained. The properties were analyzed using SEM, XRD, FTIR, RAMAN, TGA, DSC, tensile/impact tests, DMA, and nanomechanical tests. The best results were obtained for PA-KCHE due to the stronger interaction between the components and the uniform dispersion of the nanohybrid in the PA matrix. Improvements in the modulus of elasticity and of the surface hardness by approx. 75% and 30%, respectively, and the resistance to scratch were obtained. These results are promising and constitute a possible alternative to synthetic polymer composites for the automotive industry.