In vivo studies on the effect of UV-radiation on the eye lens in animals

• Published in: Documenta ophthalmologica Vol. 88; no. 3-4; pp. 221 - 232
• Main Author: WEGENER, A. R
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dordrecht Springer 01-01-1994
• Subjects: Animals; Biological and medical sciences; Biological effects of radiation; Cataract - etiology; Cataract - metabolism; Cataract - pathology; Cornea - pathology; Cornea - radiation effects; Corneal Diseases - etiology; Crystallins - metabolism; Crystallins - radiation effects; Epithelium - pathology; Epithelium - radiation effects; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Glutathione - metabolism; Hyperplasia; Lens, Crystalline - metabolism; Lens, Crystalline - pathology; Lens, Crystalline - radiation effects; Mice; Non ionizing radiations. Hertzian waves. Biooptics; Organ Size; Radiation Injuries, Experimental - etiology; Radiation Injuries, Experimental - metabolism; Radiation Injuries, Experimental - pathology; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tissues, organs and organisms biophysics; Ultraviolet Rays - adverse effects; Visual system; Vertebrata; Ultraviolet radiation; Mammalia; Mouse; Animal; Rodentia; Lens; Biological effect
• ISSN: 0012-4486; 1573-2622
• DOI: 10.1007/BF01203676

Ultraviolet light is a non-ionizing radiation that induces photochemical reactions in the tissue. Its spectral A and B ranges are partially absorbed by the cornea and/or lens thus causing damage on the cellular, cell physiological and molecular level. UV-A does not seem to damage the cornea permanently and its effects in the lens have a very prolonged latency period. Typical reactions of the cornea are oedema, punctuate keratitis (photoelectric keratitis) and neovascularization. In the lens all reactions that could be evidenced, were located in the epithelium and in the outer cortical fiber cells. In vivo UV-A induces swelling and slight vacuolation of the anterior suture system, but apart from these transient effects, only very limited permanent damage could be demonstrated. UV-B induces the formation of an anterior subcapsular cataract, starting also with vacuolation of the suture system. These morphological characteristics can be visualized at the slitlamp microscope. Histologically, sutural irregularities (UV-A) and epithelial hyperplasia with capsular multiplication (UV-B) as well as disintegration of the anterior suture system could be observed. Patho-physiologically, a reduction of lens fresh weight (UV-B) as well as changes of the equilibrium of reduced and oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) could be demonstrated. On the protein-biochemical level, changes in the ratio of water-soluble versus water-insoluble protein could be evidenced, as well as effects on specific crystallin fractions, namely alpha-crystallin. In addition, the appearance of a newly synthetized 31 kDa protein could be demonstrated in UV-B irradiated mice.