Acute intake of fructooligosaccharide and partially hydrolyzed guar gum on gastrointestinal transit: A randomized crossover clinical trial

• Published in: Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) Vol. 102; p. 111737
• Main Authors: da Silva, Marcelo Victor Teixeira, Nunes, Shirleide Santos, Costa, Walyson Coelho, Sanches, Sandra Monetti Dumont, Silveira, Ana Letícia Malheiros, Ferreira, Álida Rosária Silva, Filha, Roberta Silva, Correia, Maria Isabel T.D., Mota, Luciene das Graças, Generoso, Simone de Vasconcelos
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Inc 01-10-2022; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Clinical trials; Diet; Dietary fiber; Emptying; Fibers; Fructooligosaccharide; Fructooligosaccharides; Gastric emptying; Glucagon; Glucagon-like peptide 1; Guar gum; Hormones; Hunger; Ingestion; Intestine; Large intestine; Maltodextrin; Motility; Peptides; Placebos; Polypeptides; Radiation; Satiety; Scintigraphy; Small intestine; Small intestine transit; Software; Soluble dietary fiber; Transit; Gastric emptying; Fructooligosaccharide; Scintigraphy; Small intestine transit; Soluble dietary fiber
• ISSN: 0899-9007; 1873-1244
• DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111737

•Fructooligosaccharide and partially hydrolyzed guar gum reduced the transit of the small intestine.•Gastric inhibitory polypeptide, gucagon-like peptide-1, and pancreatic polypeptide are not altered by acute intake of partially hydrolyzed guar gum and fructooligosaccharide.•Hunger, satiety, and desire to eat were not altered by the addition of partially hydrolyzed guar gum and fructooligosaccharide.
Dietary fibers, such as fructooligosaccharide (FOS) and partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) have several gastrointestinal functions. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of acute ingestion of FOS and PHGG on the percentage of gastric emptying and small intestinal transit and to evaluate the effect of these dietary fibers on the levels of intestinal hormones—active glucagon-like peptide-1, pancreatic polypeptide, and gastric inhibitory peptide—and their effect on feelings of hunger and satiety and the desire to eat.
In this crossover, randomized controlled clinical trial, we compared the effects of these two fibers on gastrointestinal transit. The tests were performed using scintigraphy. On three different days, healthy participants consumed a test meal containing 20 g of digestible maltodextrin (placebo), 20 g of FOS, or 20 g of PHGG.
The gastric emptying of the FOS-based diet (84.2 ± 9.4%) within 2 h was statistically increased compared with the placebo and PHGG-based diets (78 ± 10.2% and 74 ± 15.3%, respectively; P < 0.05). However, a reduction in small intestinal transit was observed after consumption of both FOS- and PHGG-based diets (28.5 ± 15.56% and 24.2 ± 13.7%, respectively) compared with the placebo diet (41.20 ± 15.4%; P < 0.05). There were no changes in the levels of intestinal hormones, feeling of hunger and satiety, or desire to eat after consuming the three diets (P > 0.05).
The acute intake of FOS increased gastric emptying, whereas both FOS and PHGG reduced small intestine transit without altering the levels of intestinal hormones, hunger feelings and satiety, or the desire to eat.
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