Predicting to reduce water pipe smoking in male adolescents: using multi theory model (MTM)

• Published in: Journal of substance use Vol. 25; no. 1; pp. 50 - 55
• Main Authors: Bashirian, Saeed, Barati, Majid, Sharma, Manoj, Abasi, Hamid, Karami, Manoochehr
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Taylor & Francis 02-01-2020
• Subjects: Adolescents; multi-theory model; reduction; student; water pipe smoking
• ISSN: 1465-9891; 1475-9942
• DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2019.1664653

Background: Water pipe (WP) smoking has increased and become a major leisure pastime among young people in Iran. The aim of this study was to test MTM in its ability to predict reducing WP smoking in male adolescents.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed with730 high school male students (grades 10-12), who were recruited through multi-stage random sampling in Hamadan city in Western Iran in 2017. We included 200 students who had smoked WP in the 30 past days (current smoker) determined by a screening question. The self-administered questionnaire included information on demographic variables and MTM constructs related to WP smoking. The questionnaire had acceptable validity and reliability.
Results: The regression analysis revealed that 35.7% of the variance in initiating reducing WP smoking behavior was predicted by participatory dialog (p < .001) and behavioral confidence (p < .001). Sustenance of reducing WP smoking behavior was predicted up to 13.5% by emotional transformation (p < .001), practice for change (p < .05) and changes in the social environment (p < .05).
Conclusions: MTM appears to be a robust theory in its application for reducing WP smoking. This theory must be reified and empirically tested with intervention development for WP smoking behavior in male students.
Abbreviations: MTM: Multi-Theory Model; WP: Water pipe