Neuroprotective effects of low level electrical stimulation therapy on retinal degeneration

Low-level electrical stimulation applied to the eye has been shown to have neuroprotective effects on photoreceptors and retinal ganglion cells. In this review, we compare the effects of Subretinal Electrical Stimulation (SES), Transcorneal Electrical Stimulation (TES), and Whole Eye Stimulation (WE...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Advances in experimental medicine and biology Vol. 801; p. 845
Main Authors:	Pardue, Machelle T, Ciavatta, Vincent T, Hetling, John R
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States 2014
Subjects:	Animals Electric Stimulation Therapy - methods Humans Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate - cytology Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate - physiology Retinal Degeneration - therapy Retinal Ganglion Cells - cytology Retinal Ganglion Cells - physiology
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Summary:	Low-level electrical stimulation applied to the eye has been shown to have neuroprotective effects on photoreceptors and retinal ganglion cells. In this review, we compare the effects of Subretinal Electrical Stimulation (SES), Transcorneal Electrical Stimulation (TES), and Whole Eye Stimulation (WES) on preserving retinal structure and function, and visual acuity, in retinal degeneration. Similarities and differences in stimulus parameters, targeted cells and growth factor expression will be discussed with emphasis on studies that have translated laboratory findings into clinical trials.
ISSN:	0065-2598
DOI:	10.1007/978-1-4614-3209-8_106