Effect of Silicon Content in Al–Si Welding Wire on Mechanical Properties of Al/Cu Laser Welded Joint

• Published in: International journal of precision engineering and manufacturing Vol. 25; no. 5; pp. 1063 - 1071
• Main Authors: Wang, Peifeng, Liu, Fei, Pang, Lihui, Guo, Zhe
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Seoul Korean Society for Precision Engineering 01-05-2024; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Aluminum; Copper; Engineering; Grain orientation; Grain size; Impact analysis; Industrial and Production Engineering; Intermetallic phases; Laser beam welding; Materials Science; Mechanical properties; Phase composition; Regular Paper; Seam welds; Silicon; Tensile strength; Welded joints; Welding wire; Mechanical properties; Silicon; Copper; Microstructure; Aluminum; Laser welding
• ISSN: 2234-7593; 2005-4602
• DOI: 10.1007/s12541-023-00949-7

In this study, the laser welding of Al/Cu using Al–Si welding wires was analyzed. The impact of varying silicon content in the Al–Si welding wires (0%, 12%, 16%, 20%) and laser power settings ranging from 900 to 1050W in 50W increments on the phase composition, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the weld joints was investigated. It was observed that a silicon-rich interface layer formed near the copper side of the weld seam. This formation led to grain orientation and a significant reduction in grain size. As the Si content increased, the morphological structure transformed from irregularly layered dendritic to regularly oriented dendritic, and ultimately to equiaxed crystals. X-ray diffraction analysis of the weld seam revealed the presence of main intermetallic phases, including Al
2
Cu. It was concluded that the highest tensile strength, reaching 85.1 MPa, was achieved using an AlSi
12
weld filler at a power of 900W.