The Effects of Turkey’s Level of Socioeconomic Development on the Open Education System

• Published in: Educational sciences : theory & practice Vol. 17; no. 5; pp. 1675 - 1698
• Main Authors: Berberoğlu,Bahar, Omay,Rabia Ece, Berberoğlu,Cafer Necat, Karaduman,Çağlar
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Istanbul Codon Publications 01-10-2017; EDAM (Educational Consultancy Ltd.)
• Subjects: Colleges & universities; Developing countries; Distance Education; Distance learning; Economic development; Economic growth; Economic models; Educational Needs; Eğitim Bilimleri; Growth models; Higher education; Income distribution; Infrastructure; Kişisel Gelişim; Labor force; LDCs; Lifelong Learning; Open Education; Parameter estimation; Society; Socioeconomic factors; Socioeconomic Status; Theory; İstanbul; Türkiye; Generalized nonparametric regression model; Open and Distance Education System; Socioeconomic development; Nonparametric regression model; Linear regression model; Generalized regression model
• ISSN: 2148-7561; 1303-0485; 2148-7561
• DOI: 10.12738/estp.2017.5.0577

Provinces that vary by socioeconomic levels in Turkey are among the main starting points of planned
development. Meanwhile, one of the most important indicators considered in determining differences in
development is education. Anadolu University clearly has a very important place in Turkey’s higher education
system with its Open and Distance Education System. Therefore, we aim in our study to investigate how
socioeconomic development affects provincial demand for an open education system. First, we perform
analyses over 81 provinces. However, we thought the demand in Istanbul, Ankara, and Izmir to have a special
place and excluded them to perform analyses over the remaining 78 provinces using the developmental
index of 2012. We evaluated 48 different regression models statistically and, using four different regression
techniques, created these models by dividing them into four classes: linear, nonparametric, generalized
linear, and generalized nonparametric. The relations in the models between education and development
are examined not only as a parametric and linear relationship but also as a nonparametric and nonlinear
relationship. We found a positive, nonparametric, and nonlinear relationship for the demand for the Open
and Distance Education System with the provincial socioeconomic developmental levels.