Local Anesthesia in Arterial Puncture: Nurses' Knowledge and Attitudes

Local anesthesia is rarely used in arterial puncture, even though it is recommended. The aim of this study was to examine attitudes and beliefs among nurses and third-year undergraduate nursing students in hospital training regarding the use of local anesthesia when performing arterial puncture and...

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Published in:Archivos de bronconeumología (English ed.) Vol. 44; no. 7; pp. 360 - 363
Main Authors: Valero Marco, Antonio Vicente, Castillo, Carmen Martínez, Soler, Loreto Maciá
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Spanish
Published: Spain 01-07-2008
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Summary:Local anesthesia is rarely used in arterial puncture, even though it is recommended. The aim of this study was to examine attitudes and beliefs among nurses and third-year undergraduate nursing students in hospital training regarding the use of local anesthesia when performing arterial puncture and to assess their knowledge of the technique. Nurses and nursing students were issued a 15-item questionnaire consisting of 2 parts. The first part contained questions on the nurse's use of local anesthesia when extracting arterial blood for analysis and the second part involved questions regarding technical knowledge of this test. The results of nurses from the respiratory medicine department, nurses from the rest of the hospital, and nursing students were compared. The questionnaire was answered by the 131 the nurses surveyed. Valid questionnaires were returned by 17 of the 19 nursing students surveyed. Questionnaires returned by nurses from the respiratory medicine department (n=ll) were separated from those returned by the rest of nurses. Local anesthesia was used routinely by 7 nurses (5%), of whom 3 (27%) belonged to the respiratory medicine department; local anesthesia was not used by any of the nursing students. The main reasons given by nurses for not using local anesthesia were lack of knowledge (54%), need to perform 2 punctures when anesthesia is used (11%), belief that the same amount of pain is caused with anesthesia (8%), and success on the first attempt at arterial puncture (7%). The main reason given by student nurses for not using local anesthesia was also lack of knowledge (53%), followed by the fact that it was not used by the nurses (24%). Most of those surveyed (63%) indicated a desire to receive anesthesia should they undergo arterial puncture. Local anesthesia is used very little in arterial puncture. Knowledge about how to perform arterial blood extraction for blood gas analysis is insufficient and needs to be improved among both nurses and nursing students. Nonetheless it is noteworthy that most of those surveyed indicated a preference for receiving local anesthesia if they were to undergo the procedure. These data should be taken into consideration when training nurses to perform arterial puncture. Aunque se recomienda el uso de anestesia local para la realización de la punción arterial, su empleo es muy escaso. El próposito del estudio ha sido conocer la actitud y los prejuicios sobre el empleo de la anestesia local para la realización de la punciósn arterial entre los profesionales de enfermeria y alumnos de tercer curso de la diplomatura de enfermeria en practices hospitalarias en nuestro hospital, asi como el grado de conocimiento de la técnica. Se pasó a enfermeros y estudiantes de enfermeria un cuestionario que constaba de 15 preguntas, divididas en 2 partes: una hacia referencia al uso de la anestesia local en la extractión de una gasometria arterial, y en la segunda se preguntaba por conocimientos técnicos de la prueba. Se compararon los resultados de los enfermeros de la Unidad de Neumologia con el resto de profesionales del hospital, asi como de los profesionales y estudiantes de enfermeria. Contestaron el cuestionario los 131 enfermeros encuestados. De los 19 alumnos de tercer curso de enfermeria, fueron validas 17 encuestas. Del total de profesionales se separo a los enfermeros/as de la Unidad de Neumologia (n = 11). Utilizaban habitualmente anestesia local 7 profesionales (5%), de los que 3 (27%) pertenecian a la Unidad de Neumologia, mientras que ningún alumno de enfermeria la usaba. Entre los profesionales, los principales motivos para no utilizer la anestesia fueron: desconocimiento (54%), necesidad de realizar 2 punciones si se usa anestesia (11%), por considerar que produce el mismo dolor con anestesia (8%) y por acertar en la primera puncion (7%). En cuanto a los motivos de los alumnos de enfermeria, el principal fue, al igual que entre los profesionales, el desconocimiento (53%), seguido de la falta de uso por estos (24%). La mayoria de los encuestados (63%) querria que a ellos sé se les aplicase anestesia en la punción arterial. El uso de la anestesia local es muy escaso. Los conocimientos sobre la realización de la gasometria arterial no son óptimos y deben mejorar tanto entre los profesionales como entre los estudiantes de enfermeria. Sin embargo, es de destacar que la mayoria de los entrevistados preferia que a ellos se les realizara la punción arterial con anestesia local. Estos datos deben tenerse en cuenta en el proceso formativo de los profesionales de enfermeria sobre la punción arterial.
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ISSN:1579-2129
0300-2896
1579-2129
DOI:10.1016/S1579-2129(08)60062-2