Wastewater treatment of food industries through constructed wetland: a review

• Published in: International journal of environmental science and technology (Tehran) Vol. 16; no. 10; pp. 6453 - 6472
• Main Authors: Sehar, S., Nasser, H. A. A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-10-2019
• Subjects: Aquatic Pollution; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecotoxicology; Environment; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Science and Engineering; Review; Soil Science & Conservation; Waste Water Technology; Water Management; Water Pollution Control; Wineries; Abattoir industry; Influent; Surface loading rate; Wastewater treatment; Constructed wetland
• ISSN: 1735-1472; 1735-2630
• DOI: 10.1007/s13762-019-02472-7

Constructed wetland (CW) is reliable technology for a range of wastewater treatment generated through various sources. Contrary to traditional wastewater treatment technologies, CW is an environment friendly and profitable approach with less personal supervision requirements. Moreover, CW has been successfully implemented for diverse agriculture and industrial sectors for sewage or municipal wastewater treatment. In this review, recent developments in constructed wetlands related to various food industries such as seafood-processing industry, olive mill industry, dairy, alcohol fermentation industry and abattoir industry at both laboratory- and pilot-scale levels are presented. It has been found that high pollutant loading rates and toxic substances can be effectively treated with CW; thus, they have great potential to be easily operative in developing countries and rural areas. Finally, some challenges that may affect the performance of CWs with some suggestions to improve their performance are also discussed.