Not Your Typical Adenocarcinoma: A Case of Mesonephric Adenocarcinoma of the Cervix With Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2 (FGFR2) Mutation

• Published in: Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) Vol. 14; no. 5
• Main Authors: Devarashetty, Sindhu, Chennapragada, Suma Sri, Mansour, Richard
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Palo Alto Cureus Inc 18-05-2022; Cureus
• Subjects: Biopsy; Cancer therapies; Case reports; Cervical cancer; Cervix; Chemotherapy; Females; Fibroblasts; Growth factors; Health sciences; Hormone replacement therapy; Human papillomavirus; Hysterectomy; Immunotherapy; Internal Medicine; Medical prognosis; Monoclonal antibodies; Mutation; Obstetrics/Gynecology; Oncology; Ovaries; Patients; Radiation; Targeted cancer therapy; Tumors; Vagina; Louisiana; United States > US
• ISSN: 2168-8184; 2168-8184
• DOI: 10.7759/cureus.25098

Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer mortality in women. However, there have been great advances in its prevention and treatment. Nevertheless, there are certain rare forms of this cancer that are under-recognized, underreported, and have a paucity of evidence in terms of treatment. Mesonephric adenocarcinoma (AC) is one such rare disease, with less than 50 cases reported in the literature so far. We report a case of mesonephric AC of the cervix in a 73-year-old female who presented with abnormal vaginal bleeding. Our case is unique in that the patient had recurrence with lung metastases as well as fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) mutation on genetic sequencing. She responded well to platinum-based chemotherapy and is currently on maintenance therapy with lenvatinib and bevacizumab. We aim to bring this patient’s disease course and treatment options chosen to the attention of the medical community as this is only the second reported case of mesonephric AC with FGFR2 mutation, and probably the first one to be treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immunotherapy with a favorable response.