Antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity potentials of green-synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles using the aqueous extract of Helichrysum cymosum

• Published in: 3 Biotech Vol. 14; no. 12; p. 291
• Main Authors: Nkemzi, Achasih Q., Okaiyeto, Kunle, Oyenihi, Omolola, Opuwari, Chinyerum S., Ekpo, Okobi E., Oguntibeju, Oluwafemi O.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 01-12-2024; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Absorption spectra; Agriculture; Amides; Antidiabetics; Antioxidants; Bioinformatics; Biological effects; Biomaterials; Biotechnology; Cancer Research; Carboxylic acids; Cell lines; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Cytotoxicity; Diabetes mellitus; Electron microscopes; Functional groups; Glucosidase; Helichrysum cymosum; Inflammation; Myocytes; Nanoparticles; Original; Original Article; Scanning electron microscopy; Spectrum analysis; Stem Cells; Synthesis; Toxicity testing; X-ray diffraction; X-ray spectroscopy; Zeta potential; Zinc oxide; Zinc oxides; α-Amylase; α-Glucosidase; Alpha-amylase; Characterization; Hexagonal structure; L6 myocyte; C3A hepatocyte; Alpha-glucosidase
• ISSN: 2190-572X; 2190-5738
• DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04125-0

The current research involved the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) using an aqueous extract of
Helichrysum cymosum
shoots, and subsequent characterization via different analytical methods, such as UV–Vis spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscope (TEM), and zeta potential. The biological effects of the ZnO-NPs were then tested against C3A hepatocyte cells and L6 myocyte cell lines via series of analysis, including cytotoxicity, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic effect via enzymatic inhibition. The UV–Vis analysis showed a maximum absorption spectrum at 360, and the TEM analysis reveals a spherical and hexagonal structures, with an average dimension of 28.05–58.3 nm, and the XRD reveals a crystalline hexagonal structure. The zeta potential evaluation indicated that the ZnO-NPs are relatively stable at − 20 mV, and the FTIR analysis identified some important functional group associated with phenolics, carboxylic acid, and amides that are responsible for reducing and stabilizing the ZnO-NPs. The synthesized ZnO-NPs demonstrated cytotoxic effects on the cell lines at higher concentrations (125 µg/mL and 250 µg/mL), complicating the interpretation of the results of the inflammatory and antioxidant assays. However, there was a significant (
p
 < 0.05) increase in the inhibitions of pancreatic lipase, alpha-glucosidase, and alpha-amylase, indicating beneficial antidiabetic effects.