Contribution of the universities to the development of field crop cultivars

Public and private research institutions employ their best efforts to produce new cultivars, which are intended to ensure productivity, reduce ecological footprint and present characteristics that meet consumer expectations. Some Brazilian universities, which are usually originated from schools of h...

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Published in:Crop breeding and applied biotechnology Vol. 12; no. spe; pp. 121 - 130
Main Authors: Sediyama, Carlos Sigueyuki, Carneiro, José Eustáquio de Souza, Fritsche-Neto, Roberto, Sediyama, Tuneo, Barbosa, Márcio Henrique Pereira, Galvão, João Carlos Cardoso, Souza, Moacil Alves de
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology 01-12-2012
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Summary:Public and private research institutions employ their best efforts to produce new cultivars, which are intended to ensure productivity, reduce ecological footprint and present characteristics that meet consumer expectations. Some Brazilian universities, which are usually originated from schools of higher education in agriculture, have contributed to the breeding of some crops. These universities also aimed to solve the problems of the Brazilian agricultural sector, and became essential tool to make Brazil an important player in the agribusiness world. In the last decades, regarding the five species presented here, the universities have developed 35 oat cultivars and made the country self-sufficient in this grain; they have also developed cultivars of common beans (27), sugarcane (59), soybean (62), and wheat (03), besides countless corn hybrids, since works in this species date before the establishment of the national cultivar registration system. Inúmeras instituições, públicas e privadas, empregam seus melhores esforços para produzir novas cultivares, as quais têm por objetivo garantir a produtividade, reduzir insumos e apresentar características que atendam às expectativas dos consumidores. Algumas universidades brasileiras, em geral originadas de escolas de ensino superior de agricultura, têm contribuído para o melhoramento genético de algumas culturas. Essas universidades também visavam resolver os problemas do setor agropecuário brasileiro, e se tornaram instrumento fundamental para alçar o Brasil como um respeitável ator do agronegócio mundial. Nas últimas décadas, considerando as cinco espécies aqui apresentadas, as Universidades desenvolveram 35 cultivares de aveia branca e tornaram o país autossuficiente nesse grão; desenvolveram 27 cultivares de feijoeiro, 59 de cana-de-açúcar, 62 de soja, 03 de trigo, além de inúmeras e incontáveis cultivares de milho, pois os trabalhos nesta espécie datam muito antes dos registros nacionais de cultivares.
ISSN:1984-7033
1984-7033
DOI:10.1590/S1984-70332012000500013