Biofilm-specific determinants of enterococci pathogen

• Published in: Archives of microbiology Vol. 206; no. 10; p. 397
• Main Authors: Ruhal, Rohit, Sahu, Abhijeet, Koujalagi, Tushar, Das, Ankumoni, Prasanth, Hema, Kataria, Rashmi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-10-2024; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adhesins; Adhesins, Bacterial - genetics; Adhesins, Bacterial - metabolism; Adhesion; Antibiotics; Archives & records; Bacterial Adhesion - genetics; Biochemistry; Biofilms; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biotechnology; Cell Biology; Drug resistance; Ecology; Endocarditis; Enterococcus; Enterococcus - genetics; Enterococcus - metabolism; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Gene regulation; Gene Transfer, Horizontal; Genes; Gram-positive bacteria; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections - epidemiology; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections - microbiology; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections - physiopathology; Horizontal transfer; Immune system; Life Sciences; Microbial Ecology; Microbiology; Mini Review; Mortality; Nosocomial infections; Pathogens; Pheromones; Polysaccharides; Polysaccharides, Bacterial - metabolism; Proteins; Staphylococcus infections; Urinary tract; Urinary tract infections; Urogenital system; Wound infection; Biofilm; Pheromone; Fsr; Epa; ESKAPE pathogen; Enterococcus
• ISSN: 0302-8933; 1432-072X; 1432-072X
• DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-04119-9

Amongst all
Enterococcus spp
.,
E. faecalis
and
E. faecium
are most known notorious pathogen and their biofilm formation has been associated with endocarditis, oral, urinary tract, and wound infections. Biofilm formation involves a pattern of initial adhesion, microcolony formation, and mature biofilms. The initial adhesion and microcolony formation involve numerous surface adhesins e.g. pili Ebp and polysaccharide Epa. The mature biofilms are maintained by eDNA, It’s worth noting that phage-mediated dispersal plays a prominent role. Further, the involvement of peptide pheromones in regulating biofilm maintenance sets it apart from other pathogens and facilitating the horizontal transfer of resistance genes. The role of
fsr
based regulation by regulating
gelE
expression is also discussed. Thus, we provide a concise overview of the significant determinants at each stage of
Enterococcus
spp. biofilm formation. These elements could serve as promising targets for antibiofilm strategies.
Graphical abstract