Cytochrome P450-isoenzyme 1A1 in susceptibility to tobacco-related lung cancer

• Published in: Asian cardiovascular & thoracic annals Vol. 22; no. 3; pp. 315 - 318
• Main Authors: Sadeck, Nabil El, Ibrahim, Bedir M, Alassal, Mohamed A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London, England SAGE Publications 01-03-2014
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Carcinoma, Bronchogenic - enzymology; Carcinoma, Bronchogenic - etiology; Carcinoma, Bronchogenic - pathology; Carcinoma, Bronchogenic - surgery; Case-Control Studies; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 - biosynthesis; Disease Susceptibility; Enzyme Induction; Female; Humans; Lung Neoplasms - enzymology; Lung Neoplasms - etiology; Lung Neoplasms - pathology; Lung Neoplasms - surgery; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging; Pneumonectomy; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Smoking - adverse effects; Smoking - metabolism; Cytochrome P-450 enzyme system; genetic predisposition to disease; lung neoplasms; smoking
• ISSN: 0218-4923; 1816-5370
• DOI: 10.1177/0218492313492987

Background
Tobacco smoke contains many carcinogens that may mediate susceptibility to lung cancer. Cytochrome P450 isoenzyme 1A1 activity and expression increases several fold in lung cancer due to smoking. Finding the role of cytochrome P450 1A1 in susceptibility to tobacco-related lung cancer may be important to predict the outcome in early stage cancer, and may result in an improved survival rate.
Patients and methods
This study was carried on 2 groups of patients: group A was 20 patients with operable smoking-related lung cancer, who underwent surgery at the time of diagnosis; group B was 20 nonsmokers without lung cancer who underwent chest exploration following road traffic accidents. Specimens were obtained from tumor tissue and surrounding healthy tissue in group A patients, and from healthy lung tissue in group B patients. These specimens were sent for measurement of protein content and cytochrome P450 1A1 activity.
Results
There was significantly greater tissue cytochrome P450 1A1 activity in group A compared to group B. Patients with stage II cancer showed significantly higher levels of tissue cytochrome P450 1A1 activity than those with stage I. There was also a significant difference in tissue cytochrome P450 1A1 activity between the tumor tissue and the tissue surrounding the tumor.
Conclusion
Carcinogens in smoke increase cytochrome P450 1A1 activity, which might be considered to play a role in cigarette smoking-induced lung cancer.