Influence of Primary Milling on Structural and Electrical Properties of Bi4Ti3O12 Ceramics Obtained by Sintering Process

• Published in: International journal of thermophysics Vol. 31; no. 1; pp. 42 - 54
• Main Authors: Dercz, J., Dercz, G., Prusik, K., Solecka, B., Starczewska, A., Ilczuk, J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Boston Springer US 2010
• Subjects: C (programming language); Ceramics; Classical Mechanics; Condensed Matter Physics; Dielectric properties; Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering; Mills; Physical Chemistry; Physics; Physics and Astronomy; Precursors; Sintering (powder metallurgy); Thermal properties; Titanium dioxide; Thermal properties; ceramics; Ferroelectric; Rietveld method; Ti; Sintering; Bi; High-energy ball milling; O
• ISSN: 0195-928X; 1572-9567
• DOI: 10.1007/s10765-009-0691-2

In this article, the influence of primary mechanical milling of precursors on the microstructure and dielectric properties of Bi
4
Ti
3
O
12
ceramics was studied. Precursor material (mixture of Bi
2
O
3
and TiO
2
powders) was ground by a high-energy attritorial mill for (1, 3, 5, and 10) h. Bi
4
Ti
3
O
12
ceramics were obtained by a solid-state reaction process, synthesized at an intermediate temperature (800 °C) and finally sintered at high temperature (1140 °C). Structure studies were performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy techniques. XRD patterns were analyzed by the Rietveld method using the DBWS 9807a program. The thermal properties of the studied materials were measured using differential thermal analysis and thermal gravimetric techniques. These studies indicate that one-, three-, and five-hour primary high-energy ball milling followed by sintering is a promising technique for pure Bi
4
Ti
3
O
12
ferroic ceramics preparation. The investigation of Bi
4
Ti
3
O
12
shows that ceramics obtained from a precursor and milled for 5 h have the best dielectric properties.