Acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies of aqueous bark extract of Detarium microcarpum guill. and perr in albinos wistar rat

• Published in: Toxicology and environmental health sciences Vol. 14; no. 3; pp. 269 - 276
• Main Authors: Fotso, Janvier Aimé Youovop, Takuissu, Guy Roussel Nguemto, Ngondi, Judith Laure, Oben, Julius Enyong
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Singapore Springer Nature Singapore 01-09-2022; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Acute toxicity; Bark; Biochemistry; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Cholesterol; Chronic toxicity; Detarium microcarpum; Environmental Health; Hematocrit; Hematology; Leukocytes (granulocytic); Lymphocytes; Oral administration; Original Article; Parameters; Pharmacology/Toxicology; Plant extracts; Toxicity; Histological and biochemical parameters; Acute and sub-chronic toxicity; Hematological; bark
• ISSN: 2005-9752; 2233-7784
• DOI: 10.1007/s13530-022-00139-4

Objective
This work aimed to evaluate the acute and sub-chronic toxicity of the aqueous bark extract of
Detarium microcarpum
(
D. microcarpum
), administered orally to rats.
Materials and methods
An acute (2000 mg/kg) and sub-acute (1000 mg/kg) toxicity studies were conducted following OECD guidelines of 425 and 407 respectively. During these studies, general signs of toxicity were observed. The rats used in sub-chronic toxicity were sacrificed, and histological, hematological, and biochemical analyses were done.
Results
No behavioral changes were observed in all rats. The extract did not bring about any deaths after 14 days at 2000 mg/Kg (acute toxicity) and 28 days at 1000 mg/Kg (sub-acute toxicity) days. Although a significant variation was observed in hematocrit, granulocyte, lymphocyte, ALAT, and total cholesterol levels, the extract had no significant effect (
p
< 0.05) on the other biochemical and hematological parameters evaluated.
Conclusion
The aqueous bark extract of
D. microcarpum
administered at the repeated dose affected some biochemical and hematological parameters. We can therefore deduce that the extract has lower toxicity (LD
50
˃ 2000 mg/kg)