Flavonoids from the Leaves of Chromolaena odorata and Their α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity

• Published in: Pharmaceutical chemistry journal Vol. 57; no. 10; pp. 1621 - 1626
• Main Authors: Giang, Phan Minh, Huong, Do Thi Viet, Thao, Vu Mai, Thuy, Tran Thi Thu, Trang, Vu Minh
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 2024
• Subjects: Medicine; Organic Chemistry; Pharmacology/Toxicology; Pharmacy; isosakuranetin; a-glucosidase inhibitory activity; flavonoid
• ISSN: 0091-150X; 1573-9031
• DOI: 10.1007/s11094-024-03057-6

The leaf water extracts of
C. odorata
are used as an antidiabetic herbal drug in traditional medicine. The aim of this study was to determine flavonoids in the MeOH leaf extract of
Chromolaena odorata
(L.) R. M. King and H. Robinson (syn.
Eupatorium odoratum
L.) in Vietnam and evaluate their a-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Ten compounds including six known flavonoids (
2
,
4–6
,
9
, and
10
), two known phenolic acids (
7
and
8
), nonacosan-1-ol (
1
), and β-sitosterol (
3
) were isolated by column chromatography from the MeOH extract. Their structures were identified by matching their NMR spectroscopic data and those reported in the literature. In the assay for the a-glucosidase inhibitory activity, isosakuranetin (
5
) was found to inhibit enzymatic activity with an IC
50
of 55.99 ± 1.25 μg/mL. Weak inhibitory activity was observed for the other flavonoids up to the concentration of 128 μg/mL: 20.5% inhibitory activity of 4-
O
-methylsakuranetin (
2
), 2.0% of odoratin (
4
), 27.0% of ombuin (
6
), and 30.5% of rhamnetin (
10
). HPLC quantification of the organic
n
-hexane- and dichloromethane-soluble fractions determined the higher contents of compounds
2
,
4
, and
6
in the dichloromethane-soluble fraction.