Fecal calprotectin and endoscopic scores: The cornerstones in clinical practice for evaluating mucosal healing in inflammatory bowel disease

• Published in: World journal of gastroenterology : WJG Vol. 30; no. 24; pp. 3022 - 3035
• Main Authors: Costa, Marcia Henriques de Magalhães, Sassaki, Ligia Yukie, Chebli, Júlio Maria Fonseca
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 28-06-2024
• Subjects: Biomarkers - analysis; Biomarkers - metabolism; Colonoscopy; Disease Progression; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal - methods; Feces - chemistry; Humans; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - metabolism; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - pathology; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - therapy; Intestinal Mucosa - metabolism; Intestinal Mucosa - pathology; Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex - analysis; Recurrence; Severity of Illness Index; Wound Healing; Fecal calprotectin; Inflammatory bowel diseases; Mucosal healing; Endoscopic scores; Histological healing; Ulcerative colitis
• ISSN: 1007-9327; 2219-2840; 2219-2840
• DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i24.3022

Managing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is becoming increasingly complex and personalized, considering the advent of new advanced therapies with distinct mechanisms of action. Achieving mucosal healing (MH) is a pivotal therapeutic goal in IBD management and can prevent IBD progression and reduce flares, hospitalization, surgery, intestinal damage, and colorectal cancer. Employing proactive disease and therapy assessment is essential to achieve better control of intestinal inflammation, even if subclinical, to alter the natural course of IBD. Periodic monitoring of fecal calprotectin (FC) levels and interval endoscopic evaluations are cornerstones for evaluating response/remission to advanced therapies targeting IBD, assessing MH, and detecting subclinical recurrence. Here, we comment on the article by Ishida
Moreover, this editorial aimed to review the role of FC and endoscopic scores in predicting MH in patients with IBD. Furthermore, we intend to present some evidence on the role of these markers in future targets, such as histological and transmural healing. Additional prospective multicenter studies with a stricter MH criterion, standardized endoscopic and histopathological analyses, and virtual chromoscopy, potentially including artificial intelligence and other biomarkers, are desired.