The Outcome of Monochorionic Diamniotic Twins Discordant at 11 to 13+6 Weeks’ Gestation

• Published in: Twin research and human genetics Vol. 19; no. 6; pp. 692 - 696
• Main Authors: Zipori, Yaniv, Reidy, Karen, Gilchrist, T., Doyle, Lex W., Umstad, Mark P.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 01-12-2016
• Subjects: Adult; Birth Weight; Discordance; Female; Fetal Death; Fetal Growth Retardation - epidemiology; Fetal Growth Retardation - genetics; Fetal Growth Retardation - physiopathology; Fetofetal Transfusion - epidemiology; Fetofetal Transfusion - genetics; Fetofetal Transfusion - physiopathology; Fetuses; Gestation; Gestational Age; Histology; Humans; Nuchal Translucency Measurement; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Pregnancy, Twin; Twins; Twins, Monozygotic; Ultrasonic imaging; Ultrasonography, Prenatal; Australia; crown rump length; monochorionic diamniotic twins; discordance; nuchal translucency; twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome
• ISSN: 1832-4274; 1839-2628
• DOI: 10.1017/thg.2016.81

Background: Monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) twin pregnancies are associated with adverse perinatal outcome. Intertwin discordances at the time of nuchal translucency (NT) screening may have a value in the prediction of fetal loss or twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome. We aimed to determine the ability of intertwin NT and crown rump length (CRL) discordances among MCDA twins to predict adverse outcomes. Material and Methods: All MCDA twins with a documented routine ultrasound at 11 to 13+6 weeks’ gestation, and known pregnancy outcome between August 2003 and August 2012 were included. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to determine the ideal NT and CRL discordances cut-off points that maximized the ability to predict adverse outcome, which was defined as any of: death of one or both twins, twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome, or estimated fetal weight or birth weight discordances ≥25%. Results: Of the 89 cases, 20 (22.5%) had at least one adverse outcome. NT discordance was more discriminatory of adverse outcome than was CRL discordance. The optimal values for predicting any adverse outcomes for NT were >23.7% and for CRL >3.5%. The positive predictive values for NT (52.4%) and CRL (29.8%) screening were relatively low; however, the lack of either NT or CRL discordances was more reassuring, with negative predictive values of 86.8% and 86.4%, respectively. Conclusions: NT discordance is more predictive for adverse fetal outcome in MCDA twins than CRL discordance. Neither NT nor CRL discordance are likely to modify the intensive monitoring required for these very high-risk pregnancies.