Association of hypertriglyceridemia with risk factors for cardiovascular and renal complications in individuals with high cardiovascular risk

• Published in: Rossiĭskiĭ kardiologicheskiĭ zhurnal Vol. 28; no. 2; p. 5215
• Main Authors: Murkamilov, I. T., Fomin, V. V., Murkamilova, Zh. A., Sabirov, I. S., Sabirova, A. I., Umurzakov, Sh. E., Yusupov, F. A., Maanaev, T. I., Gasanov, K. A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English; Russian
• Published: FIRMA «SILICEA» LLC 20-03-2023
• Subjects: atherosclerosis; cardiovascular complications; cystatin c; glomerular filtration rate; hypertriglyceridemia; risk factors; triglycerides
• ISSN: 1560-4071; 2618-7620
• DOI: 10.15829/1560-4071-2023-5215

Aim. To study clinical and functional manifestations of hypertriglyceridemia and its association with risk factors for cardiovascular and renal complications in individuals with high cardiovascular risk.
Material and methods . The study included 272 patients (129 men and 143 women; mean age, 53,9±13,7 years) with a high cardiovascular risk, which was stratified using Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) model by the presence of cardiovascular disease, and/or diabetes, and/or age ≥65 years, and/or blood pressure (BP) >180/110 mm Hg, and/or total cholesterol (TC) level >8,0 mmol/l. All study participants underwent clinical and paraclinical examination. Serum content of triglycerides (TGs) ≥1,7 mmol/L was considered hypertriglyceridemia (HTG). Depending on TG level, the entire sample was divided into 2 following subgroups: subgroup 1 (n=178) — serum triglycerides ≤1,6 mmol/l; subgroup 2 (n=94) — serum triglycerides ≥1,7 mmol/l, i.e. HTG.
Results . We revealed significantly more persons with obesity (46,8%) and type 2 diabetes (28,7%) in HTG subgroup. There were 56,3% and 36,1% patients of HTG subgroup with hypertension (HTN) and coronary artery disease (CAD), respectively. A mid-high TG level (from 1,7 to 2,3 mmol/l) in the subgroup of patients with HTG was detected in 38,3% of cases. The serum content of TG from 2,3 to 5,6 mmol/l was detected in 54,2% of patients. TG level ≥5,6 mmol/l was detected in 7,5% of cases. In the subgroup of patients with HTG, high levels of systolic, diastolic and central (aortic) BP, body mass index, phosphorus, creatinine, cystatin C, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) were detected significantly more common. In the general sample, a significant direct relationship between TG concentration and cystatin C (r=0,168) and an inverse (negative) relationship with eGFR (r=-0,220) was obtained.
Conclusion . Elevated serum TG levels are often observed in individuals with obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension and CAD. Patients with HTG had a pronounced cardiovascular and renal risk, including a significant increase in BP and carotid IMT, high levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, phosphorus, creatinine, cystatin C, and a decrease in eGFR. HTG was associated with an increase in serum cystatin C and a deterioration in renal nitrogen excretion.