Stepwise Tfh cell differentiation revisited: new advances and long-standing questions

Stepwise Tfh cell differentiation revisited: new advances and long-standing questions

T follicular helper (Tfh) cells play an essential role in germinal center formation and the generation of high-affinity antibodies. Studies have proposed that Tfh cell differentiation is a multi-step process. However, it is still not fully understood how a subset of activated CD4 T cells begin to ex...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Faculty reviews Vol. 10
Main Authors: Schroeder, Andrew R, Zhu, Fangming, Hu, Hui
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England Faculty Opinions Ltd 15-01-2021
Subjects:
Review
transcription factor
TCR
CD4 memory
stepwise differentiation
Tfh
CXCR5
metabolism
germinal center
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Summary:T follicular helper (Tfh) cells play an essential role in germinal center formation and the generation of high-affinity antibodies. Studies have proposed that Tfh cell differentiation is a multi-step process. However, it is still not fully understood how a subset of activated CD4 T cells begin to express CXCR5 during the early stage of the response and, shortly after, how some CXCR5 precursor Tfh (pre-Tfh) cells enter B cell follicles and differentiate further into germinal center Tfh (GC-Tfh) cells while others have a different fate. In this mini-review, we summarize the recent advances surrounding these two aspects of Tfh cell differentiation and discuss related long-standing questions, including Tfh memory.
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XEqual contributors
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
ISSN:2732-432X
2732-432X
DOI:10.12703/r/10-3