Coordinated JWST Imaging of Three Distance Indicators in a Supernova Host Galaxy and an Estimate of the Tip of the Red Giant Branch Color Dependence

• Published in: The Astrophysical journal Vol. 975; no. 1; pp. 111 - 125
• Main Authors: Hoyt, Taylor J., Jang, In Sung, Freedman, Wendy L., Madore, Barry F., Lee, Abigail J., Owens, Kayla A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Philadelphia The American Astronomical Society 01-11-2024; IOP Publishing
• Subjects: Asymptotic methods; Carbon stars; Cepheid variables; Distance indicators; Galaxies; Galaxy stellar content; Hubble constant; Hubble Space Telescope; Imaging; Indicators; James Webb Space Telescope; Magellanic clouds; Red giant stars; Red shift; Sky surveys (astronomy); Slopes; Space telescopes; Supernova; Supernovae; Uncertainty; Virgo galactic cluster; Wavelengths
• ISSN: 0004-637X; 1538-4357
• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ad7952

Abstract Boasting a 6.5 m mirror in space, JWST can increase by several times the number of supernovae (SNe) to which a redshift-independent distance has been measured with a precision distance indicator (e.g., tip of the red giant branch (TRGB) or Cepheids); the limited number of such SN calibrators currently dominates the uncertainty budget in distance ladder Hubble constant ( H 0 ) experiments. JWST/NIRCAM imaging of the Virgo Cluster galaxy NGC 4536 is used here to preview JWST program GO-1995, which aims to measure H 0 using three stellar distance indicators (Cepheids, TRGB, and J-branch asymptotic giant branch/carbon stars). Each population of distance indicator was here successfully detected—with sufficiently large number statistics, well-measured fluxes, and characteristic distributions consistent with ingoing expectations—so as to confirm that we can acquire distances from each method precise to about 0.05 mag (statistical uncertainty only). We leverage overlapping Hubble Space Telescope imaging to identify TRGB stars, crossmatch them with the JWST photometry, and present a preliminary constraint on the slope of the TRGB’s F115W versus (F115W – F444W) relation equal to −0.99 ± 0.16 mag mag −1 . This slope is consistent with prior slope measurements in the similar Two Micron All-Sky Survey J band, as well as with predictions from the BaSTI isochrone suite. We use the new TRGB slope estimate to flatten the 2D TRGB feature and measure a (blinded) TRGB distance relative to a set of fiducial TRGB colors, intended to represent the absolute fiducial calibrations expected from geometric anchors such as NGC 4258 and the Magellanic Clouds. In doing so, we empirically demonstrate that the TRGB can be used as a standardizable candle at the IR wavelengths accessible with JWST.