2.2 A Comparison Study of Psychopathological and Neuroanatomical Characteristics: Among Colombian Offspring With Bipolar Disorder Versus Offspring of Community Control Parents

• Published in: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Vol. 55; no. 10; p. S260
• Main Authors: Palacio, Juan David, MD, Peña-Quintero, Cristian E., MD, Gomez-Valero, Maria A., MD, Bustamante-Gomez, Paula A., MD, Arroyave-Sierra, Pilar, MD, Vargas-Upegui, Cristian E., MD, Lopez-Jaramillo, Carlos A., MD
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Baltimore Elsevier Inc 01-10-2016; Elsevier BV
• Subjects: Adolescents; Affective disorders; Amygdala; Anatomy; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Bipolar disorder; Brain; Brain architecture; Child & adolescent psychiatry; Community Control; Comparative Analysis; Comparative studies; Emotional disorders; Family medical history; Genetic crosses; Genetic factors; Genetics; Hypomania; Magnetic resonance imaging; Mania; Mental disorders; Neuropsychology; Nitric-oxide synthase; Offspring; Pediatrics; Psychiatry; Psychopathology; Sociodemographics; Statistical analysis
• ISSN: 0890-8567; 1527-5418
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2016.07.127

Objectives: The goals of this session are to compare the following: 1) the psychopathological characteristics in a group of offspring with BD (BO) to a group of control subjects (offspring of community control parents, PCO) by identifying the presence of psychiatric disorders according to the DSM-IV; and 2) the brain volumes of a subgroup of BO adolescents, with or without any affective disorder, to those of a subgroup of PCO adolescents by MRI. Methods: A descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional, and comparative study was conducted with 127 BO from a genetic isolate ("Paisa") and with 150 PCO. The subjects' ages ranged from 6 to 30 years, and all subjects were evaluated with validated diagnostic interviews (Kiddie-Sads-Present and Lifetime Version or Diagnostic Interview for Genetic Studies). Brain MRI was performed on a subsample group of 21 adolescents (aged 11-17 years), classified into three groups. BO with affective disorder were defined as individuals with current or past history of any affective disorder (MDD, hypomania, or mania). BO without affective disorder were considered individuals with a negative history of any affective disorder. Brain MRI was acquired on a 3T scanner, and structure volumes were calculated with the MRI Freesurfer. This research was approved by the local ERB. Results: The BO group showed higher frequencies for BD [prevalence ratio (PR) = 17.70; 95% CI 1.02-306.83]; BD NOS (PR = 23.07; 2.8-189, p = 0.0001); SUD (PR = 9.52; 2.93-30.90); ODD (PR = 4.10; 1.70-9.89); ADHD (PR = 2.26; 1.37-3.75); and MDD (PR = 2.25; 1.13-4.50). BO group had lower scores in functional scales. There were no statistically significant sociodemographic group differences among the 21 adolescents in the subsample group. A greater volume was found in the BO group with affective disorder versus the other groups in the right rostral middle frontal region (p = 0.041), the left pars opercularis (F = 0.78), and the left amygdala (F = 0.73). This group also showed a greater left amygdalar volume compared to PCO (F = 0.79) and BO without affective disorder (F = 0.61). A greater volume was found in the BO with affective disorder versus BO without affective disorder in the left pars opercularis (F = 1.27), right anterior caudal cingulate (F = 0.75), left anterior caudal cingulate (F = 0.79), and right isthmus cingulate (F = 0.95). Finally, a greater volume was found in the right frontal pole (F = 1.11) of BO compared to PCO group. Conclusions: Colombian BO had higher rates of psychiatric disorders than PCO and a lower level of global functioning. Although we found some volumetric changes in adolescents from the BO group, with a lifetime history of affective disorder, this should be replicated with a larger sample group.