Environmental Contaminants Remediation from Real Domestic Wastewater through a Canna-Based Bioretention Engineered System

• Published in: Water conservation science and engineering Vol. 9; no. 2; p. 43
• Main Authors: Muduli, Monali, Swain, Biswajit, Choudhary, Meena, Verma, Palindhi, Ray, Sanak
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Singapore Springer Nature Singapore 01-12-2024; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Aquaculture; Aquaculture practices; Aquatic Pollution; Artificial wetlands; Biochemical oxygen demand; Chemical oxygen demand; Circular economy; Cod; Contaminants; Developing countries; Dissolved oxygen; Domestic wastewater; Drinking water; Earth and Environmental Science; Eggs; Environment; Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology; Environmental Science and Engineering; Fish; Fish harvest; Fish ponds; Harvesting; Humidity; Hydraulic retention time; Hydraulics; Hydrology/Water Resources; Investigations; LDCs; Mineralization; Nitrates; Nitrogen; Nitrogen dioxide; Oxygen; Parasites; Performance evaluation; Plant growth; Plastic pollution; Pollutant removal; Pollutants; Principal components analysis; Resource management; Retention time; Solid suspensions; Sustainable Development; Tilapia; Total suspended solids; Toxicity; Toxicity testing; Treated water; Waste Water Technology; Wastewater treatment; Water Industry/Water Technologies; Water Management; Water pollution; Water Pollution Control; Water quality; Water treatment; Wetlands; India; Kinetic study; Parasite count; Environmental remediation; Thermogravimetric analysis; Aquaculture; Principal component analysis
• ISSN: 2366-3340; 2364-5687
• DOI: 10.1007/s41101-024-00277-5

Wastewater treatment using constructed wetlands (CW) has received tremendous scientific interest. However, its relevance to sustainable resource management with circular economy generation has not been adequately explored. The present study has been conducted to evaluate the performance of a bioretention engineered system (BS) treating domestic wastewater (capacity: 3000 L/day) regarding pollutant removal and use of treated water for aquaculture study. The performance of the BS was intended to assess the impact of 24-h hydraulic retention time (HRT) for 1 year for parameters like pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), NH
4
+
-N, PO
4
3−
-P, NO
3
−
-N, NO
2
−
-N, parasite count, and microplastic presence. The use of the treated water for aquaculture practice was also investigated. To determine fish quality, we compared toxicity tests performed on harvested and market fish. During the investigation, nearly 71.4% (COD), 78.7% (BOD), 85% (TSS), 100% (Parasite egg), 65.5% (PO
4
3−
-P), 74.7% (NH
4
+
-N), 58.5% (NO
3
−
-N), and 70.4% (NO
2
−
-N) were removed. The efficiency of the BS was validated using correlation and principal component analysis (PCA). This study used TGA and XRD analyses to ensure plant growth and inorganic pollutant mineralization. The water quality of the fish ponds designed with the outflow of the BS for farming catfish and tilapia was suitable. It was found that harvested fish had more excellent health than market-bought fish. Hence, BS acts as sustainable approach for domestic wastewater treatment and use for aquaculture.